Why did feudalism develop in medieval Europe?
Strong kings forced the nobles into this system.
The emperor made the system a part of the government.
Nobles needed a way to protect themselves and their land.
The people in the lower classes needed it as a way to grow.
All the reasons you mentioned contributed to the development of feudalism in medieval Europe. Here's a breakdown of each reason:
1. Strong kings forced the nobles into this system: Feudalism developed partly as a result of the fragmented political structure of medieval Europe. Strong kings sought to exert control over their territories and maintain order, so they granted land and privileges to loyal nobles in exchange for their military service and support. This led to the creation of a hierarchical system where the nobles became vassals, owing allegiance and military service to the king in exchange for land and protection.
2. The emperor made the system a part of the government: The Holy Roman Empire, for example, played a significant role in the development of feudalism. The emperor, aiming to consolidate power and maintain control over the vast territories under his rule, relied on a system of grants and obligations to secure the loyalty and services of his vassals. The feudal system then became an integral part of the imperial government structure.
3. Nobles needed a way to protect themselves and their land: During the medieval period, Europe was often plagued by warfare, invasions, and conflicts among rival factions. Nobles sought a means to defend their lands and maintain their social status and privileges. Feudalism provided a system of mutual protection and support, where vassals pledged loyalty and military service to their overlords in exchange for land, resources, and protection.
4. The people in the lower classes needed it as a way to grow: Feudalism offered some benefits to individuals in the lower classes who were seeking upward mobility. Serfs, who were bound to the land they worked on, had limited options for social advancement. By entering into feudal relationships with lords, they could gain protection, receive a plot of land to cultivate for themselves, and potentially improve their living conditions. Though they still faced significant social constraints, serfs had a certain degree of certainty and stability within the feudal system.
Overall, feudalism developed as a complex response to the political, economic, and social challenges of medieval Europe, with various actors playing a role in its establishment and maintenance.
What did manors include? Choose four correct answers.
farmland and hunting land
a castle or manor house
a trade market
a port for ships
a church
a mill
The correct answers are:
1. Farmland and hunting land: Manors typically included agricultural land for farming, as well as areas where hunting and other forms of hunting were conducted.
2. A castle or manor house: Manors often had a central residential structure, such as a castle or manor house, where the lord or landowner resided.
3. A church: Most manors had a church or chapel where religious services were held and where the local community could worship.
4. A mill: Manors frequently had a mill for grinding grain or processing other materials. This allowed the lord to control an essential resource and provided a vital service to the surrounding community.
A trade market and a port for ships were not typically part of a manor. Manors were primarily self-sufficient and focused on agrarian activities, rather than commercial trading or maritime activities.
What did manors include? Choose four correct answers.
A. farmland and hunting land
B. a castle or manor house
C. a trade market
D. a port for ships
E. a church
F. a mill
The correct answers are:
A. Farmland and hunting land: Manors typically included agricultural land for farming, as well as areas for hunting and gathering resources.
B. A castle or manor house: Manors often had a central residential structure, such as a castle or manor house, where the lord or landowner resided.
E. A church: Most manors had a church or chapel where religious services were held and where the local community could worship.
F. A mill: Manors frequently had a mill for grinding grain or processing other materials. This allowed the lord to control the production of goods and provided an important service to the surrounding community.
C. and D. are incorrect. Manors were primarily rural estates and did not typically include trade markets or ports for ships.
What were the results of growing trade in medieval Europe? Choose three correct answers.
Cities constructed guilds.
Cities built markets for trade.
Urban areas grew in population.
Manors became more self-sufficient.
People used different kinds of currency.
The correct answers are:
1. Cities constructed guilds: Growing trade in medieval Europe led to the formation of guilds in cities. Guilds were associations of craftsmen and merchants that regulated trade practices, ensured quality standards, and protected the interests of their members.
2. Cities built markets for trade: With the growth of trade, cities developed and expanded their markets to facilitate commercial activities. These markets provided a centralized location where merchants could sell their goods and buyers could find a wide range of products.
3. Urban areas grew in population: The increase in trade and economic opportunities attracted people to urban areas. Cities and towns grew in population as merchants, artisans, and workers migrated in search of better prospects and access to trade networks.
Manors becoming more self-sufficient and the use of different kinds of currency were not direct results of growing trade in medieval Europe. Manors tended to be self-sufficient agricultural estates, whereas trade primarily took place in urban areas. Additionally, while there were variations in currencies in different regions, the use of different kinds of currency was more a characteristic of the fragmented political and economic landscape of the time rather than a direct result of growing trade.
How were knights and samurai alike?
Both were free to fight for whomever they wanted.
Both wore heavy armor that would slow them down.
Both preferred to use a bow and arrow when fighting.
Both followed strict codes of honor to be brave and humble.
The statements that are correct in comparing knights and samurai are:
1. Both followed strict codes of honor to be brave and humble: Knights in medieval Europe adhered to a code of chivalry which emphasized qualities such as bravery, loyalty, and humility. Similarly, samurai in feudal Japan followed the code of Bushido, which emphasized virtues like loyalty, honor, and self-discipline.
The statements that are not correct or do not apply in comparing knights and samurai are:
1. Both were free to fight for whomever they wanted: While knights had some degree of freedom in choosing whom to serve, they typically owed allegiance to a lord or monarch. Samurai, on the other hand, were bound by loyalty to their feudal lord, known as the daimyo, and were not free to fight for whomever they pleased.
2. Both wore heavy armor that would slow them down: While knights in medieval Europe did wear heavy armor, samurai in feudal Japan typically wore lighter, more flexible armor. This allowed samurai to have greater mobility and agility in combat compared to knights.
3. Both preferred to use a bow and arrow when fighting: Knights in medieval Europe primarily used weapons such as swords, lances, and maces in combat. While they did use archery, it was not their preferred method of fighting. Samurai in feudal Japan, however, were skilled in various forms of combat, including archery. They were well-known for their expertise in using the bow and arrow.
In summary, the similarity between knights and samurai lies in the strict codes of honor they followed, while differences exist in their loyalty, armor, and preferred weapons.
How were knights and samurai alike?
A. Both were free to fight for whomever they wanted.
B. Both wore heavy armor that would slow them down.
C. Both preferred to use a bow and arrow when fighting.
D. Both followed strict codes of honor to be brave and humble.