In tomato plants, having yellow fruit and dwarf vines is the recessive condition. Having red fruit and long vines is the dominant condition. A cross was done between two plants that were heterozygous for both traits.
What is the probability the offspring will have yellow fruit and dwarf vines?
Answer options with 5 options
A.
one-fourth
B.
three-fourths
C.
one-sixteenth
D.
two-sixteenths
E.
three-sixteenths
To determine the probability of the offspring having yellow fruit and dwarf vines, we need to consider the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.
The parents are both heterozygous for both traits, which means they each carry one dominant allele (R) and one recessive allele for fruit color, as well as one dominant allele (L) and one recessive allele for vine length.
When these parents produce offspring, there are four possible combinations of alleles for each trait:
Fruit color:
1) RR (red fruit)
2) Rr (red fruit)
3) rR (red fruit)
4) rr (yellow fruit)
Vine length:
1) LL (long vines)
2) Ll (long vines)
3) lL (long vines)
4) ll (dwarf vines)
To determine the probability of having yellow fruit and dwarf vines, we need to consider the combination of alleles that correspond to these traits. From the possible combinations listed above, only one combination (rr ll) results in yellow fruit and dwarf vines.
Therefore, the probability of the offspring having yellow fruit and dwarf vines is 1 out of 16 possibilities.
The correct answer is C. one-sixteenth.
Use the diagram to answer the question.
Information
A diagram.Short description, A diagram.,Long description,
The diagram shows a DNA molecule and complementary M RNA strand. Some of the bases of the M RNA strand are paired with some of the bases in the DNA molecule, and some are not.
Question
Which process does the diagram represent?
Answer options with 5 options
A.
translation
B.
transcription
C.
DNA replication
D.
joining of exons
E.
removal of introns
The process represented in the diagram is transcription.
Transcription is the process by which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. In this process, a complementary RNA strand is produced from a DNA molecule. The diagram shows the pairing of bases in the RNA strand with the corresponding bases in the DNA molecule, which is characteristic of transcription.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. transcription.
To determine the probability of the offspring having yellow fruit and dwarf vines, we need to consider the possible genotypes resulting from the cross.
Let's represent the dominant trait (red fruit and long vines) as "R" and the recessive trait (yellow fruit and dwarf vines) as "r".
Since both parent plants are heterozygous for both traits, their genotypes can be represented as Rr.
When we cross these plants, the possible combinations of alleles in the offspring are:
RR - red fruit and long vines
Rr - red fruit and long vines
rR - red fruit and long vines
rr - yellow fruit and dwarf vines
The probability of the offspring having yellow fruit and dwarf vines (rr) is 1 out of 4 possible combinations:
rr / RR + Rr + rR + rr
Therefore, the probability is 1/4 or one-fourth.
Therefore, the answer is A. one-fourth.
To determine the probability of the offspring having yellow fruit and dwarf vines, we need to perform a Punnett square analysis. Let's break it down step by step:
1. First, we need to determine the genotypes of the parent plants. Since both parents are heterozygous for both traits, we can represent their genotypes as follows:
Parent 1: RrLl (red fruit and long vines)
Parent 2: RrLl (red fruit and long vines)
2. Now, let's create a Punnett square by crossing the alleles from each parent:
| R | r
--|---------
L | RL | rL
--|---------
l | Rl | rl
3. Each box in the Punnett square represents a potential genotype combination for the offspring. Now, let's determine the phenotypes (traits) associated with each genotype:
- RL: red fruit and long vines (dominant condition)
- rl: yellow fruit and dwarf vines (recessive condition)
- Rl and rL: red fruit and long vines (dominant condition)
4. Counting the boxes in the Punnett square, we can see that there is only one offspring with the genotype rl (yellow fruit and dwarf vines) out of a total of sixteen possibilities:
| R | r
--|---------
L | RL | rL
-- |---------
l | Rl | rl
By dividing the number of boxes with the desired genotype (1) by the total number of boxes (16), we find that the probability of the offspring having yellow fruit and dwarf vines is 1/16.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C. one-sixteenth.