12. What is the scientific method?
13. What’s an ideology?
14. What is the difference between Social
psychology and Psychoanalytic psychology?
15. What is the difference between legitimacy and
authority?
16. Define history utilizing at least 3 definitions?
17. What are the 3 oldest social sciences?
18. Differentiate between Social Science and
Humanities?
19. Describe at least two significant things about
W.E. B. Dubois?
20. What is the difference between natural science and
social science?
21. What the difference between anthropology and
archaeology?
22. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
23. Define Geography?
24. What are social problems and give 3 examples of
such?
25. What year was Grambling State University
founded?
12. The scientific method is a systematic approach used in scientific research to gather evidence, conduct experiments, and draw conclusions. It involves making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions based on the evidence collected.
13. An ideology is a set of beliefs, ideas, values, and principles that guide an individual or a group's understanding of the world and their actions. It often involves a comprehensive worldview or a system of thought that explains and justifies social, political, economic, or cultural practices.
14. Social psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on how individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence and actions of others. It examines social interactions, group behavior, attitudes, and social influence.
On the other hand, psychoanalytic psychology is a branch of psychology developed by Sigmund Freud that emphasizes the role of unconscious processes in shaping human behavior. It explores unconscious motives, desires, and conflicts to understand the development of the individual's personality and mental disorders.
15. Legitimacy refers to the rightful or justified status or authority of a person, institution, or government based on accepted norms, rules, or laws. It involves the perception or recognition of authority as valid and appropriate by individuals or groups within a social system.
Authority, on the other hand, refers to the power or right to give commands, make decisions, and enforce obedience. It is often derived from a position or role within a social or organizational structure.
16. History can be defined in multiple ways:
a) History as a discipline: History is an academic field of study that involves the systematic investigation and interpretation of past events, societies, cultures, and individuals with the aim of understanding and explaining the course of human development over time.
b) History as a record: History can refer to the written or recorded account of past events, often based on documentary evidence, oral traditions, or archaeological findings. It serves as a collective memory of human experiences.
c) History as a narrative: History can also refer to the narratives or stories that are constructed to make sense of the past, often presenting a selective and interpretive account of events and their significance.
17. The three oldest social sciences are:
a) Anthropology: The study of human societies, cultures, and physical variations across time and space.
b) Sociology: The study of social behavior, interactions, institutions, and structures within human societies.
c) Political science: The study of political systems, government, power, and political behavior.
18. Social science refers to the scientific study of human society, social relationships, and individual behavior within a social context. It uses empirical methods, data analysis, and systematic observation to understand social phenomena.
Humanities, on the other hand, encompass a wide range of academic disciplines that study various aspects of human culture, such as literature, philosophy, history, languages, arts, and religion. While humanities also involve critical analysis and interpretation, they often focus on qualitative methods and subjective experiences.
19. W.E.B. Du Bois was a prominent African-American intellectual, social scientist, civil rights activist, and writer. Two significant things about him are:
a) Du Bois played a crucial role in the early civil rights movement. He co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and was the editor of its influential journal, The Crisis. He fought for equal rights for African Americans, advocated for political and social equality, and challenged racial injustice through his activism and writings.
b) Du Bois made significant contributions to the field of sociology and social science. He conducted extensive research on race and racial inequality, pioneering the use of social science methods to study social issues and the experiences of African Americans. His work on the concept of "double consciousness" and his influential book "The Souls of Black Folk" challenged prevailing views on race and significantly impacted the field of sociology.
20. Natural science refers to the scientific study of the natural world, including physical and biological phenomena, through observation, experimentation, and the application of empirical methods. It aims to uncover the laws and principles that govern the natural world.
Social science, on the other hand, focuses on the study of human society and social behavior. It utilizes similar scientific methodologies and empirical research, but its primary focus is on human interactions, social structures, institutions, and cultural phenomena.
21. Anthropology is a social science that studies human societies, cultures, and physical variations across time and space. It investigates aspects such as social organization, kinship, language, beliefs, customs, and cultural practices.
Archaeology, on the other hand, is a subfield of anthropology that studies past human societies and cultures through the analysis of material remains, artifacts, structures, and landscapes. It focuses on reconstructing and understanding past human behaviors, social systems, and ways of life by examining archaeological evidence.
22. The ultimate goal of the scientific method is to acquire knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world through a systematic and objective approach. It aims to generate reliable and valid explanations or theories about how the world works and to provide evidence-based solutions to problems.
23. Geography is a discipline that studies the Earth's physical features, climate, environment, resources, and their interactions with human societies. It encompasses the spatial analysis of landscapes, regions, and patterns, as well as the study of human-environment interactions, spatial distribution of populations, and the processes that shape the Earth's surface.
24. Social problems refer to societal conditions, behaviors, or practices that are perceived to be harmful, undesirable, or in need of intervention or change. Examples of social problems may include poverty, inequality, homelessness, drug addiction, crime, discrimination, domestic violence, environmental degradation, or inadequate healthcare.
25. Grambling State University was founded in 1901.
12. The scientific method is a systematic, logical approach used to investigate natural phenomena. It involves making observations, asking questions, forming hypotheses, conducting experiments or gathering data, analyzing the results, drawing conclusions, and communicating the findings.
13. An ideology refers to a set of beliefs, values, or ideas that shape and influence an individual or group's understanding of the world, society, and their role within it. Ideologies often guide political, social, and economic behavior and can be based on religious, political, or philosophical principles.
14. Social psychology focuses on how individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social interactions, groups, and the social environment. It examines topics such as attitudes, conformity, prejudice, and group dynamics. Psychoanalytic psychology, on the other hand, is a theory of personality and therapy developed by Sigmund Freud. It emphasizes the unconscious mind, childhood experiences, and intrapsychic conflicts as determinants of behavior.
15. Legitimacy refers to the belief or acceptance that an authority has the right to govern or make decisions, often based on traditions, laws, or cultural norms. Authority, on the other hand, refers to the actual power or control exercised by a person or institution. While legitimacy is based on perception and acceptance, authority is the ability to enforce actions or decisions.
16. History can be defined as:
- The study and interpretation of the past, particularly human events and developments.
- The record or narration of past events and their significance.
- The discipline or academic field that focuses on analyzing and understanding the past through various sources and methods.
17. The three oldest social sciences are:
- Sociology, which emerged in the early 19th century with the works of Auguste Comte.
- Political science, which traces its origins to ancient Greece and the studies of Aristotle and Plato.
- Economics, which can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as Mesopotamia and ancient Greece.
18. Social science refers to the scientific study of human society, behavior, and interactions. It includes disciplines such as sociology, psychology, economics, and political science. Humanities, on the other hand, focus on the study of human culture, art, literature, philosophy, and history. While both social science and humanities involve understanding human aspects, the former employs scientific methods and theories while the latter relies on interpretive analysis and qualitative methods.
19. W.E.B. Du Bois was an influential African-American sociologist, historian, civil rights activist, and writer. Two significant things about him include:
- Du Bois co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909, which aimed to fight racial discrimination and promote civil rights for African Americans.
- He was a prominent advocate for African American rights, challenging the dominant white supremacist ideology of the time and highlighting the importance of education, equality, and political representation for African Americans.
20. Natural science refers to the scientific study of the physical world, including natural phenomena and the laws that govern them. It includes disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biology, and astronomy. Social science, on the other hand, focuses on the scientific study of human society, behavior, and social interactions. It includes disciplines such as sociology, psychology, anthropology, and political science. The main difference is that natural science studies the natural world, while social science studies the human world.
21. Anthropology is the study of human beings, their cultures, societies, behaviors, and evolution. It encompasses various subfields, including cultural anthropology, biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and archaeology. Archaeology specifically focuses on the study of past human civilizations and societies through the analysis of material remains, such as artifacts, structures, and ecofacts.
22. The ultimate goal of the scientific method is to generate reliable knowledge and understanding about the natural or social world. It aims to objectively test hypotheses, verify or reject theories, and make evidence-based conclusions. Through the scientific method, researchers strive to uncover patterns, discover new phenomena, and contribute to the overall body of knowledge in their respective fields.
23. Geography is the study of the Earth's physical features, climates, environments, and human interactions with their surroundings. It encompasses aspects such as the distribution of landforms, weather patterns, ecosystems, population dynamics, and the influence of human activities on the Earth's surface.
24. Social problems refer to issues or conditions within society that adversely affect individuals and communities, often involving widespread discontent or harm. Examples of social problems include poverty, inequality, crime, substance abuse, environmental degradation, racial discrimination, and unemployment.
25. Grambling State University was founded in the year 1901.