How does the human body prevent internal energy levels from becoming too lo?
Options:
The nervous system transmits feelings of fullness to the digestive system, which signals metabolism to stop.
The digestive system transmits feelings of fullness to the nervous system, which signals metabolism to stop
The brain transmits feelings of hunger to the digestive system, which initiates eating
The digestive system transmits feelings of hunger to the brain, which initiates eating
The first option, "The nervous system transmits feelings of fullness to the digestive system, which signals metabolism to stop," is the correct answer.
When we eat, our digestive system breaks down the food into nutrients that can be utilized by the body for energy. As we consume food, the digestive system releases hormones and neurotransmitters that communicate with the brain and the nervous system.
The nervous system, particularly the hypothalamus, plays a vital role in regulating our energy levels. It receives signals from the digestive system indicating that we have consumed enough food and are feeling full. These signals include the release of hormones like leptin, which suppresses appetite.
Once the brain receives these signals, it sends messages back to the digestive system to slow down metabolism and reduce the feeling of hunger. This helps prevent the body from taking in more energy than it needs, thus maintaining a stable energy balance.
So, the human body prevents internal energy levels from becoming too low by transmitting feelings of fullness from the nervous system to the digestive system, which then signals metabolism to stop.
The correct option is:
The brain transmits feelings of hunger to the digestive system, which initiates eating.
To understand how the human body prevents internal energy levels from becoming too low, let's review each option:
1. "The nervous system transmits feelings of fullness to the digestive system, which signals metabolism to stop."
This option suggests that the nervous system communicates feelings of fullness to the digestive system, which then signals metabolism to stop. While the nervous system plays a role in regulating hunger and satiety, it does not directly control metabolism. Metabolism refers to the body's processes that convert food into energy to support bodily functions.
2. "The digestive system transmits feelings of fullness to the nervous system, which signals metabolism to stop."
This option proposes that the digestive system sends feelings of fullness to the nervous system, which then signals metabolism to stop. While the digestive system does communicate with the nervous system to relay information, it does not have a direct influence on metabolism regulation.
3. "The brain transmits feelings of hunger to the digestive system, which initiates eating."
This option suggests that the brain is responsible for transmitting feelings of hunger to the digestive system, leading to the initiation of eating. This is partially accurate. The hypothalamus in the brain plays a crucial role in regulating hunger and satiety by releasing different hormones and neurotransmitters.
4. "The digestive system transmits feelings of hunger to the brain, which initiates eating."
This option proposes that the digestive system communicates feelings of hunger to the brain, triggering the initiation of eating. This is the most accurate option. When the stomach and intestines are empty, they release hormones like ghrelin, which signal hunger to the brain. In response, the brain initiates the feeling of hunger and stimulates the desire to eat.
So, the correct answer is: The digestive system transmits feelings of hunger to the brain, which initiates eating.