Answer each of the following items.
In 2–3 sentences, analyze the reasons why specific population control policies have been successful or controversial in the context of a country’s economic structure, religious practices, culture, population density, or political structure.
In 3–4 sentences, describe two countries’ programs with reference to specific examples of measures of success or issues of controversy.
1. Specific population control policies can be successful if they align with a country's economic structure by addressing issues like unemployment and poverty, as well as ensuring a sustainable labor force. However, controversies may arise when these policies clash with religious practices, cultural beliefs, or political structures that value large families or prioritize individual liberties.
2. China's one-child policy is an example of a controversial population control program. While it successfully curbed population growth, it led to issues like gender imbalance and forced abortions. In contrast, Iran's population control program focused on encouraging contraceptive use and family planning, which resulted in a significant decline in fertility rates while maintaining cultural and religious sensitivity.