What doctrine gives the Supreme Court the authority to check the executive and legislative branches?(1 point)
Responses
judicial review
Marbury v. Madison
appellate jurisdiction
original jurisdiction
judicial review
The doctrine that gives the Supreme Court the authority to check the executive and legislative branches is judicial review. This was established in the landmark case Marbury v. Madison.
The correct answer is "judicial review." To understand why, let's break down the other options first:
- Marbury v. Madison: This refers to a landmark Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review. However, it is not a doctrine itself, but rather a specific case in which the doctrine was established.
- Appellate jurisdiction: This refers to the authority of a higher court to review the decisions of a lower court. While it is an important aspect of the Supreme Court's role, it does not directly address the Court's power to check the executive and legislative branches.
- Original jurisdiction: This refers to the authority of a court to hear a case for the first time, rather than reviewing the decisions of lower courts. Again, while relevant to the Court's overall powers, it does not specifically address the power to check the executive and legislative branches.
Now, let's focus on the correct answer:
- Judicial review: This is the doctrine that gives the Supreme Court the authority to review and interpret laws and actions by the executive and legislative branches, and determine their constitutionality. Judicial review allows the Court to invalidate or strike down laws or executive actions that it deems unconstitutional. This doctrine was established in Marbury v. Madison (1803), a landmark Supreme Court case, and it remains a fundamental feature of the Court's power. So, the correct answer to the question is "judicial review."