Freezing, condensation, and deposition are phase changes that are ______________________.
compound
exothermic
mixture
endothermic
distillation
endothermic
Freezing, condensation, and deposition are phase changes that are endothermic.
Freezing, condensation, and deposition are phase changes that are **exothermic**.
To understand why, let's first define what these phase changes are:
1. Freezing: This phase change occurs when a substance changes from a liquid state to a solid state. It typically happens when the temperature of the substance decreases below its freezing point.
2. Condensation: This phase change happens when a substance changes from a gas state to a liquid state. It usually occurs when the temperature of the gas decreases or when the gas comes into contact with a colder surface.
3. Deposition: This phase change occurs when a substance changes directly from a gas to a solid without going through the liquid phase. It usually happens when the temperature of the gas decreases below its deposition point.
Now, let's talk about exothermic and endothermic processes:
- Exothermic: An exothermic process releases energy in the form of heat to the surroundings. In this case, the energy released during the phase change is greater than the energy absorbed.
- Endothermic: An endothermic process absorbs energy from the surroundings. In this case, the energy absorbed during the phase change is greater than the energy released.
When a substance changes phase, energy is involved in breaking or forming the intermolecular forces between its particles. In the case of freezing, condensation, and deposition, the energy is released as the substance transitions to a lower-energy state (solid or liquid) from a higher-energy state (liquid or gas). Hence, these phase changes are considered exothermic.
To recap, freezing, condensation, and deposition are phase changes that are referred to as exothermic processes because they release energy in the form of heat.