Just about everything in the icy waters off the coast of Antarctica is in the same state—frozen. Yet one type of fish, called a notothenioid, remarkably does not freeze in the frigid environment. In a recent study, scientists were able to better understand a genetic alteration in the fish. As it turns out, antarctic notothenioids produce a substance that acts as antifreeze. Antifreeze is a term familiar to car owners. It is a substance that keeps the water inside an automobile engine from freezing. Notothenioids manufacture their own "antifreeze proteins." These proteins lock on to ice crystals in their blood.

Do It!

The notothenioid _________.

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A adapted
B departed
C enlarged
D wavered

A adapted

A. adapted