Why is carbon said to provide a “backbone” in many molecules?(1 point)
Responses
Carbon atoms have half-full shells of electrons, allowing electrical signals to pass through them easily.
Carbon atoms have half-full shells of electrons, allowing electrical signals to pass through them easily.
Carbon atoms have long narrow shapes, allowing many other atoms to attach to them.
Carbon atoms have long narrow shapes, allowing many other atoms to attach to them.
Carbon atoms have full shells of electrons, allowing electrical signals to pass through them easily.
Carbon atoms have full shells of electrons, allowing electrical signals to pass through them easily.
Carbon atoms can form chains and branches with each other, and other atoms can attach to these.
Carbon atoms can form chains and branches with each other, and other atoms can attach to these.
Which option describes the structure of the electron shells in a neutral carbon atom?(1 point)
Responses
The inner shell is complete with two electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with four electrons.
The inner shell is complete with two electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with four electrons.
The inner shell is incomplete with three electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with three electrons.
The inner shell is incomplete with three electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with three electrons.
The inner shell is complete with four electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with two electrons.
The inner shell is complete with four electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with two electrons.
The inner shell is complete with three electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with three electrons.
The inner shell is complete with two electrons. The outer shell is incomplete with four electrons.
Which type of bonds can carbon atoms form with other carbon atoms?(1 point)
Responses
double, triple, and quadruple bonds
double, triple, and quadruple bonds
single, double, and triple bonds
single, double, and triple bonds
single and double bonds
single and double bonds
double and triple bonds
single, double, and triple bonds
Which structure defines the sulfhydryl functional group?(1 point)
Responses
SH
SH
SOH
SOH
OH
OH
SH2
SH
Which option explains why this amino acid can act as both an acid and a base?
(1 point)
Responses
It contains both an amino functional group and a carboxyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can decrease acidity, while the carboxyl group can increase acidity.
It contains both an amino functional group and a carboxyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can decrease acidity, while the carboxyl group can increase acidity.
It contains both an amino functional group and a methyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can increase acidity, while the methyl group can decrease acidity.
It contains both an amino functional group and a methyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can increase acidity, while the methyl group can decrease acidity.
It contains both an amino functional group and a carboxyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can increase acidity, while the carboxyl group can decrease acidity.
It contains both an amino functional group and a carboxyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can increase acidity, while the carboxyl group can decrease acidity.
It contains both an amino functional group and a methyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can decrease acidity, while the methyl group can increase acidity.
It contains both an amino functional group and a carboxyl functional group. In a solution, the amino group can decrease acidity, while the carboxyl group can increase acidity.
Correct response:
Carbon atoms can form chains and branches with each other, and other atoms can attach to these.
Explanation:
Carbon is unique among the elements because it has four valence electrons, which means it can form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms. This allows carbon atoms to bond with each other to form long chains or branched structures. Other atoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen, can then attach to these carbon chains, creating complex molecules. It is this ability of carbon atoms to form diverse and flexible structures that gives it the metaphorical term "backbone" in many molecules.