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Using your understanding of the function of chloroplasts and specialized cells, infer why plant root cells lack chloroplasts.(1 point)

Responses

Roots are underground and are not exposed to sunlight.
Roots are underground and are not exposed to sunlight.

Root cells have two central vacuoles.
Root cells have two central vacuoles.

Root cells have many mitochondria.
Root cells have many mitochondria.

Roots require fewer nutrients.
Roots require fewer nutrients.

Roots are underground and are not exposed to sunlight. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, which requires sunlight. Since roots are not exposed to sunlight, there is no need for root cells to have chloroplasts.

Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles. This is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, while prokaryotic cells do not.

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?(1 point)

Responses

Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles.

Prokaryotes lack a cell membrane on the outside.
Prokaryotes lack a cell membrane on the outside.

Prokaryotes lack ribosomes to make proteins.
Prokaryotes lack ribosomes to make proteins.

Prokaryotes use RNA instead of DNA.
Prokaryotes use RNA instead of DNA.

The correct answer is: Roots are underground and are not exposed to sunlight.

The reason why plant root cells lack chloroplasts is that roots are underground and not exposed to sunlight. Chloroplasts are the specialized organelles in plant cells that carry out photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Since roots are not exposed to sunlight, there is no need for them to have chloroplasts. Instead, root cells primarily focus on other functions such as nutrient absorption and storage. They have central vacuoles and many mitochondria to support these processes. The central vacuoles act as storage spaces for water and nutrients, while the mitochondria produce energy through cellular respiration. Thus, the lack of chloroplasts in root cells is a result of their role and location in the plant's body.