Use the map to answer the question
Question
1. Use the map to determine which of the following statements about Etruscan cities is true. (5 points)
Responses
The Roman civilization eventually took over all lands that were not Etruscan and expanded their territory.
Most Etruscan cities that were eventually taken over by the Romans were located in the eastern portion of the Italian peninsula.
The Roman civilization only took over Etruscan cities that were near the Mediterranean.
The Roman civilization eventually took over Etruscan cities and expanded their territory.
Based on the map, the statement that is true is:
- The Roman civilization eventually took over Etruscan cities and expanded their territory.
The map shows the Roman Empire's territory encompassing the entire Italian peninsula, including the former Etruscan cities in both the eastern and western portions. Therefore, option D is the correct statement.
2. Which of the following most fully describes how art was used in river valley civilizations and classical civilizations?(4 points)
Responses
Art was created for aesthetic reasons, focusing on decoration.
Art was created for aesthetic reasons, focusing on decoration.
Art was used to legitimize religion and government.
Art was used to legitimize religion and government.
Art was used to communicate important religious ideas.
Art was used to communicate important religious ideas.
Art reinforced social hierarchy, power, and religious authority.
The most accurate description of how art was used in river valley civilizations and classical civilizations is:
- Art reinforced social hierarchy, power, and religious authority.
In both river valley civilizations and classical civilizations, art served as a means to symbolize and reinforce the social and political structures of the societies. Artworks depicted leaders, gods, and important religious rituals, emphasizing the authority and power of those in control. It played a significant role in legitimizing the religious and governmental institutions of these civilizations. Therefore, option D is the correct description.
3. How were Roman women affected by patriarchy?(4 points)
Responses
They kept their children after divorce.
They could vote and own businesses.
They were not allowed to divorce.
They were expected to be wives and mothers, and they had few legal rights.
The most accurate statement that describes how Roman women were affected by patriarchy is:
- They were expected to be wives and mothers, and they had few legal rights.
In Roman society, women were mainly confined to the roles of wives and mothers. Their primary duty was to bear and raise children to continue the family lineage. They had limited legal rights and were subject to the authority of their male family members, such as fathers or husbands. They did not have the same rights as men, including the ability to participate in political activities or own businesses. Additionally, divorce was mainly controlled by men, and women had little agency in the decision-making process. Therefore, option D is the correct statement.
4. How did Mesopotamia acquire the people they enslaved?(4 points)
Responses
from local households
from political alliances with other areas
from slave markets in other countries
from war with other areas
The most accurate statement regarding how Mesopotamia acquired the people they enslaved is:
- from war with other areas.
Mesopotamia acquired slaves through military conquest and warfare with neighboring regions. They would often conquer and subjugate other civilizations, capturing their people in the process. These captives would then be enslaved and used for various purposes within Mesopotamian society. Therefore, option D is the correct statement.
5. What is the Gupta Empire remembered for?(4 points)
Responses
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its weak military and epic poetry.
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its weak military and efficient administration system.
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military and lack of advances in knowledge.
The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military, efficient administration system, and advances in knowledge.
The most accurate statement regarding what the Gupta Empire is remembered for is:
- The Gupta Empire is remembered for its strong military, efficient administration system, and advances in knowledge.
The Gupta Empire was known for its strong military, which allowed it to expand its territory and maintain control over its empire. It also had an efficient administration system that facilitated successful governance. Additionally, the Gupta Empire was a time of great advancement in various fields such as mathematics, science, art, and literature. Scholars and thinkers during this period made significant contributions to knowledge and innovation. Therefore, option D is the correct statement.
6. What is one development during the Tang dynasty that contributed to the increased population of southern China?(4 points)
Responses
canal system
silk
junks
porcelain
One development during the Tang dynasty that contributed to the increased population of southern China is the:
- canal system.
The construction and expansion of the canal system, particularly the Grand Canal, played a crucial role in connecting the north and south of China. This facilitated the transportation of goods, including food, resources, and agricultural products, which contributed to the growth of southern China's population. The canal system improved trade, communication, and access to resources, making the region more attractive for settlement and economic opportunities. Therefore, option A is the correct development.
7. How did the Silk Road under Emperor Wudi’s control impact Chinese values?(4 points)
Responses
It helped the nobles in China gain power.
Everyone in China wanted to wear silk.
Confucianism spread throughout Asia.
It was how Chinese women gained authority.
The most accurate statement regarding how the Silk Road under Emperor Wudi's control impacted Chinese values is:
- Confucianism spread throughout Asia.
Under Emperor Wudi's control, the Silk Road played a significant role in facilitating cultural and intellectual exchanges between China and other regions. Confucianism, a major philosophical and ethical system in China, was spread and disseminated through these connections. Confucian values, principles, and teachings had a lasting impact on various aspects of Chinese society, including governance, education, family structure, and moral values. Therefore, option C is the correct statement.
8. Asoka began to spread Buddhism throughout the Mauryan Empire because he(4 points)
Responses
wanted to conquer more territories with his armies.
regretted the suffering caused by the massacre of Kalinga.
had no concern for the common people.
was celebrating the start of his rule.
The most accurate statement regarding why Asoka began to spread Buddhism throughout the Mauryan Empire is:
- he regretted the suffering caused by the massacre of Kalinga.
Asoka, after witnessing the tremendous bloodshed and suffering caused by the Kalinga war, experienced a profound change of heart and embraced Buddhism. He adopted the principles of non-violence, compassion, and moral conduct advocated by Buddhism. Asoka, as a ruler, sought to promote peace, harmony, and ethical governance within his empire. He actively spread Buddhism as a means to propagate these values and to ensure the well-being and spiritual upliftment of his subjects. Therefore, option B is the correct statement.
9. What conclusion can be made about the change in gender structures in early India from the early Vedic Period to the late Vedic Period?(4 points)
Responses
Women became socially isolated through purdah but retained rights to own property.
Women were allowed to marry after they reached puberty.
Women gained higher status as they gained greater responsibilities in performing religious rituals.
Women lost all rights and became second-class citizens.
The conclusion that can be made about the change in gender structures in early India from the early Vedic Period to the late Vedic Period is:
- Women gained higher status as they gained greater responsibilities in performing religious rituals.
During the late Vedic Period, women in India began to gain higher status as they took on more prominent roles in performing religious rituals. They were recognized as vital participants in religious ceremonies and had responsibilities in maintaining the household's spiritual and ritualistic practices. This increased involvement in religious activities allowed women to gain respect and influence within their communities. Therefore, option C is the correct conclusion.
Use the Image to answer the question
A marble statue shows a baby with wings, representing Cupid, next to Emperor Augustus. Cupid is touching the leg of the full size statue of Emperor Augustus.
Question
10. What does it signify that the god Cupid is shown touching Emperor Augustus?(5 points)
Responses
Because the Cupid is pictured as much smaller, it signifies that the emperor has greater authority than the gods.
Because Augustus is pointing to the right, it signifies that he is showing Cupid the way to Olympus.
Because Cupid is the god of love, it signifies that Augustus is soon to find his future empress.
It signifies that the Emperor Augustus has the approval and support of the gods.
The significance of the god Cupid being shown touching Emperor Augustus in the marble statue is:
- It signifies that the Emperor Augustus has the approval and support of the gods.
By depicting Cupid, a god associated with love and desire, touching Emperor Augustus, it symbolizes the divine favor and approval bestowed upon the emperor. It suggests that Augustus is chosen and supported by the gods, indicating his legitimacy and authority as a ruler. Therefore, option D is the correct significance.
Use the following quotation to answer the question
“If a physician make a large incision with an operating knife and cure it, or if he open a tumor (over the eye) with an operating knife, and saves the eye, he shall receive ten shekels in money.” - Law 215 Code of Hammurabi
Question
11. How did very specific laws such as this affect life for Mesopotamians and influence future law codes?(5 points)
Responses
They set the value of all commerce in a country, so people no longer needed to haggle over money.
They did not have a great impact because they were too specific to apply to many situations.
They made it clear what the law was so that rulers could not take advantage of lower-income citizens.
They made it safer for physicians to operate on people because they would want to do it properly in order to get paid.
The specific laws, such as the one quoted from the Code of Hammurabi, affected life for Mesopotamians and influenced future law codes in the following way:
- They made it clear what the law was so that rulers could not take advantage of lower-income citizens.
Specific laws like this one provided clear guidelines and expectations for the citizens regarding various aspects of life. This helped to ensure that rulers could not exploit or manipulate the legal system to their advantage, particularly in cases involving lower-income individuals. By establishing specific penalties and rewards for certain actions, the law provided a measure of fairness and protected the rights of all citizens, irrespective of their status. This emphasis on clarity and fairness in the law codes set a precedent for future legal systems and influenced the development of legal principles and concepts. Therefore, option C is the correct impact.
12. How was Buddhism founded?(4 points)
Responses
Shakti sent visions for the writing of the Upanishads.
Siddhartha Gautama went on a spiritual journey and became the Buddha.
The Brahmans obtained "Moksha".
Mahavira rejected the authority of Hindu priests.
The correct statement describing how Buddhism was founded is:
- Siddhartha Gautama went on a spiritual journey and became the Buddha.
Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, who later became known as the Buddha. Siddhartha embarked on a spiritual quest, seeking enlightenment and understanding of the nature of suffering. He meditated under a Bodhi tree and achieved enlightenment, gaining profound insights into the cause of suffering and the path to liberation. The teachings and principles discovered by Siddhartha became the foundation of Buddhism, a significant religion that spread throughout Asia. Therefore, option B is the correct statement.
13. The teachings of Confucius emphasized which of the following?(4 points)
Responses
The balance between the spiritual world and the physical world.
A philosophy of social stability based on virtue, tradition, and good government.
The evil of selfish ambition.
Spiritual "oneness" with nature.
The teachings of Confucius emphasized the following:
- A philosophy of social stability based on virtue, tradition, and good government.
Confucius put forth a philosophy that focused on establishing and maintaining social harmony through virtuous behavior, respect for authority, and adherence to traditional values and customs. His teachings emphasized the importance of cultivating personal virtues such as benevolence, loyalty, filial piety, and righteousness, which would lead to a just and harmonious society. Good government and effective leadership were also central to Confucian teachings, as they were seen as crucial to maintaining social stability. Therefore, option B is the correct emphasis.
Choose the correct statement to fill in the blank.(5 points)
14. A lasting achievement of the Quin Dynasty was the BLANK.
The correct statement to fill in the blank is:
- A lasting achievement of the Qin Dynasty was the construction of the Great Wall of China.
The Qin Dynasty, under the rule of Emperor Qin Shi Huang, initiated the construction of various walls that were later connected to form the Great Wall of China. The purpose of this massive stone and earth fortification was to protect China from invasions by nomadic groups from the north. The construction of the Great Wall stands as a lasting achievement of the Qin Dynasty and is one of the most iconic and recognizable landmarks in the world. Therefore, the Great Wall of China is the correct answer for the blank.
15. What was the “Mandate of Heaven,” according to the Zhou Dynasty rulers?(4 points)
Responses
The “Mandate of Heaven” was anything the emperor wanted it to be.
The injunction of the gods to follow the rules of Confucius.
That it is the will of the universe for emperors to rule and are thus invincible.
That only morally good rulers are allowed to rule, and poor rulers will fall.
According to the Zhou Dynasty rulers, the "Mandate of Heaven" was:
- That only morally good rulers are allowed to rule, and poor rulers will fall.
The concept of the "Mandate of Heaven" held that the rulers were granted the right to rule by divine authority, but this authority was contingent upon their virtuous and just rule. It was believed that only morally upright rulers who governed in the best interests of the people would retain the Mandate of Heaven, and any ruler who demonstrated poor leadership or misconduct would lose this divine mandate and face the possibility of being overthrown. Therefore, option D is the correct description.
16. How did the Caste System impact Indian Society?(5 points)
Responses
It did not allow people from different castes to marry.
It provided a stable social order for their society.
It caused discrimination against people from lower-level castes.
All of the above.
All of the above.
The Caste System had multiple impacts on Indian society, including the following:
- It did not allow people from different castes to marry, enforcing strict endogamy and prohibiting inter-caste marriages.
- It provided a stable social order for their society, with each caste having specific roles, duties, and occupations.
- It caused discrimination against people from lower-level castes, creating a hierarchical system where individuals from higher castes enjoyed privileges and power while those from lower castes faced social and economic disadvantages.
Therefore, all of the statements accurately describe the impacts of the Caste System on Indian society.
17. What was the name given to the peasant farmer class in ancient China?(4 points)
Responses
Nong
Shang
Gong
Shi
The name given to the peasant farmer class in ancient China was:
- Nong.
The term "Nong" refers to the peasant farmers, who formed the majority of the population in ancient China. They were engaged in agricultural work and played a vital role in sustaining the economy and providing food for the society. Therefore, option A is the correct term for the peasant farmer class.
18. What was the name given to the warrior, noble, and scholar class in ancient China?(4 points)
Responses
Gong
Shang
Nong
Shi
The name given to the warrior, noble, and scholar class in ancient China was:
- Shi.
The term "Shi" refers to the warrior, noble, and scholar class in ancient China. These individuals held positions of authority, served in the military, held administrative roles, and pursued intellectual and scholarly pursuits. They were considered the educated elite and played significant roles in shaping and governing ancient Chinese society. Therefore, option D is the correct term for this class.