Speech at Council of Clermont, 1095, by Pope Urban II
For your brethren who live in the east are in urgent need of your help, and you must hasten to give them the aid which has often been promised them. For, as the most of you have heard, the Turks and Arabs have attacked them and have conquered the territory of Romania [the Greek Empire] as far west as the shore of the Mediterranean and the Hellespont, which is called the Arm of St. George. They have occupied more and more of the lands of those Christians, and have overcome them in seven battles. [ . . .] On this account I, or rather the Lord, beseech you as Christ's heralds to publish this everywhere and to persuade all people of whatever rank, foot-soldiers and knights, poor and rich, to carry aid promptly to those Christians.
Question
Use the passage to answer the question.
Which of the following was a purpose of this speech?
(1 point)
Responses
to prevent the persecution of non-Christians
to prevent the persecution of non-Christians
to encourage participation in the Crusades
to encourage participation in the Crusades
to challenge the authority of the Catholic Church
to challenge the authority of the Catholic Church
to promote the ideas of the Protestant Reformation
to promote the ideas of the Protestant Reformation
The purpose of this speech was to encourage participation in the Crusades.
Which of the following best describes African civilizations before 700 CE?
(1 point)
Responses
They were modeled after Asian societies.
They were modeled after Asian societies.
They were influenced by Muslim traders.
They were influenced by Muslim traders.
They were made up of extended families.
They were made up of extended families.
They were dependent on ocean access.
The best description of African civilizations before 700 CE is that they were made up of extended families.
Which of the following were factors that led to the growth and power of West Africa? Select the two correct answers.
(1 point)
Responses
Islam
Islam
Christianity
Christianity
farming
farming
trade
trade
herding
The two factors that led to the growth and power of West Africa were Islam and trade.
Why did the Spanish explore in the 1400s and 1500s? Select the two correct answers.
(1 point)
Responses
to find riches
to find riches
to trade with Native Americans
to trade with Native Americans
to spread Christianity
to spread Christianity
to stop the spread of Islam
to stop the spread of Islam
to reclaim lost land
The two reasons why the Spanish explored in the 1400s and 1500s were to find riches and to spread Christianity.
Which of the following was an effect of Columbus's voyages to the Americas?
(1 point)
Responses
Spain took over the slave trade from Portugal.
Spain took over the slave trade from Portugal.
The rivalry between Spain and Portugal intensified.
The rivalry between Spain and Portugal intensified.
Spain and Portugal reached a peace agreement.
Spain and Portugal reached a peace agreement.
Portugal stopped financing expeditions.
Portugal stopped financing expeditions.
An effect of Columbus's voyages to the Americas was that Spain took over the slave trade from Portugal.
How were English colonial efforts different from those of France, Spain, and the Netherlands?
(1 point)
Responses
English colonial efforts were funded by religious organizations.
English colonial efforts were funded by religious organizations.
England allowed the use of slave labor in its colonies.
England allowed the use of slave labor in its colonies.
English colonial efforts were funded by joint stock companies.
English colonial efforts were funded by joint stock companies.
England outlawed slave labor in its colonies.