Explain the following terms involved in refraction
Plane mirrors
Reflected ray
Incident ray
Glancing angle
Reflected angle
Incident angle
Angle of deviation
Plane mirrors: These are flat mirrors that have a smooth surface and reflect light in a regular manner. They produce a virtual image that is the same size as the object being reflected.
Reflected ray: This is the ray of light that bounces off a surface after striking it. In the case of refraction, the reflected ray is the ray of light that is reflected off the surface of the medium through which it is passing.
Incident ray: This is the ray of light that strikes a surface or boundary between two media. It is the ray of light that is initially traveling towards the surface before it is refracted or reflected.
Glancing angle: This is the angle between the incident ray and the surface or boundary at which the ray strikes. A glancing angle is a shallow angle, causing the light to graze the surface and experience a smaller amount of refraction or reflection.
Reflected angle: This is the angle between the reflected ray and the surface or boundary off of which it is reflected. It is equal in measure to the incident angle, but on the opposite side of the normal line.
Incident angle: This is the angle between the incident ray and the normal line, which is a line that is perpendicular to the surface or boundary at which the ray strikes. The incident angle is responsible for the amount of refraction that occurs when the ray enters a different medium.
Angle of deviation: This is the difference between the incident angle and the reflected angle after refraction or reflection has occurred. It can be determined by subtracting the reflected angle from the incident angle. The angle of deviation is used to measure the bending of light as it passes through different media.
1. Plane mirrors: These are flat, smooth, and shiny surfaces that reflect light rays without causing any significant change in their direction or properties. It produces virtual images that are upright and of the same size as the object.
2. Reflected ray: It refers to the ray of light that bounces off a surface after striking it. In the case of refraction, it is the ray that changes direction as it passes from one medium to another.
3. Incident ray: It is the ray of light that strikes a surface or boundary between two mediums. This is the initial ray before any refraction or reflection occurs.
4. Glancing angle: It is the angle between the incident ray and the surface it strikes or reflects from. In other words, it is the angle of incidence at which light travels almost parallel to the surface.
5. Reflected angle: It is the angle between the reflected ray and the surface from which it bounces off. It is equal to the glancing angle, considering the law of reflection.
6. Incident angle: It is the angle between the incident ray and the normal line perpendicular to the surface or boundary when the ray strikes it. It determines the direction and amount of refraction when light travels from one medium to another.
7. Angle of deviation: It is the angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray (the ray of light that leaves the refracting medium) after passing through a prism or a medium with a non-uniform refractive index. It represents the bending of light as it passes through the medium.