Which best describes the three levels of Sumerian society?
The three levels of Sumerian society can be described as follows:
1. Upper class: This was the highest level of Sumerian society and comprised the ruling elites, including kings, nobles, and high-ranking priests. These individuals held the most power and wealth in society and had access to the best resources and privileges. They often lived in large palaces or grand estates and owned vast amounts of land. The upper class also had control over the military and religious institutions.
2. Middle class: The middle class in Sumerian society consisted of skilled craftsmen, merchants, and scribes. These individuals had more economic and social opportunities than the lower class but were not as privileged or powerful as the upper class. Skilled craftsmen, such as blacksmiths, jewelers, and weavers, played a crucial role in producing goods for trade and commerce. Merchants engaged in domestic and international trade, expanding the reach of Sumerian commerce. Scribes held significant positions in society as record-keepers, administrators, and advisors to the elite.
3. Lower class: The lower class encompassed the majority of Sumerian society and consisted of farmers, laborers, and slaves. Farmers were the backbone of the economy, cultivating the land to produce food and resources. While some farmers owned their land, many were tenant farmers who worked for the upper class. Laborers were engaged in various manual tasks, including construction, maintenance, and other forms of physical labor. Slavery was also prevalent in Sumer, where slaves were owned by the upper class and were used for various types of work. They had no rights or social mobility and were considered the lowest rung of society.
Which best describes the three levels of Sumerian society?
(1 point)
Responses
priests; rulers and government officials; merchants, artisans, and peasant farmers
priests; rulers and government officials; merchants, artisans, and peasant farmers
rulers, officials, and priests; lesser priests, scribes, merchants, and artisans; peasant farmers
rulers, officials, and priests; lesser priests, scribes, merchants, and artisans; peasant farmers
the king; priests; officials, scribes, merchants, artisans, and farmers
the king; priests; officials, scribes, merchants, artisans, and farmers
high priest and king; officials; merchants and peasants
The best description of the three levels of Sumerian society is:
rulers, officials, and priests; lesser priests, scribes, merchants, and artisans; peasant farmers
How did geography influence the development of civilizations in the Fertile Crescent?
(1 point)
Responses
The Nile River offered excellent irrigation and transportation.
The Nile River offered excellent irrigation and transportation.
Numerous forests and stone quarries made it easy to build large cities.
Numerous forests and stone quarries made it easy to build large cities.
The region’s location on trade routes between Egypt and Persia led to development of great cities.
The region’s location on trade routes between Egypt and Persia led to development of great cities.
Rich soil and the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers created fertile land for farming.
The Fertile Crescent geography was influenced by rich soil and the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers which created fertile land for farming.
Which of the following from ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia had the most lasting impact on the world?
(1 point)
Responses
ziggurats
ziggurats
wheeled carts
wheeled carts
cuneiform
cuneiform
cylinder seals
Of the options listed, cuneiform had the most lasting impact on the world from ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia. Cuneiform was one of the earliest known forms of writing, consisting of wedge-shaped characters impressed on clay tablets. It allowed for the recording of laws, government documents, literature, and other forms of written communication. The development of writing revolutionized human communication and laid the foundation for later writing systems, such as the alphabets used today.
Which of the following actions by Darius strengthened the Persian empire by encouraging trade? Select all that apply.
(1 point)
Responses
encouraged the use of coins
encouraged the use of coins
set up express mail delivery
set up express mail delivery
set up common weights and measures
set up common weights and measures
expanded the barter economy
The actions by Darius that strengthened the Persian empire by encouraging trade are:
- Encouraged the use of coins
- Set up common weights and measures
Which enduring principle did Hammurabi’s Code embody?
(1 point)
Responses
Rulers are empowered to conquer and rule by divine authority.
Rulers are empowered to conquer and rule by divine authority.
Laws are made public to reinforce social hierarchies.
Laws are made public to reinforce social hierarchies.
Rulers are responsible for maintaining justice and order.
Rulers are responsible for maintaining justice and order.
Laws are derived from wise customs and traditions.