Explain in a narrate way the sequence of events occuring in DNA replication in polymerase
A very very short explanation
In DNA replication, a crucial step is the involvement of DNA polymerase enzyme. This process begins with the unwinding of the double-stranded DNA molecule, which separates the two strands. This separation creates a replication fork, where the new strands will be synthesized.
Once the replication fork is established, DNA polymerase binds to the template strand. It moves along the DNA strand in the 3' to 5' direction, reading the template strand in the 3' to 5' direction. DNA polymerase recognizes the nucleotide bases on the template strand and adds complementary nucleotides to the growing new strand.
As DNA polymerase moves along the template strand, it adds nucleotides to the newly synthesized strand in a complementary manner. Adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). This base pairing ensures that the new strand is an exact copy of the template strand.
Throughout the replication process, DNA polymerase proofreads its work. It checks for any mistakes in base pairing and corrects them by removing the wrong nucleotide and replacing it with the correct one. This proofreading mechanism ensures the high fidelity of DNA replication, resulting in minimal errors.
As the DNA polymerase progresses along the template strand, the replication fork continues to open up, exposing more of the template for synthesis. This process continues until the entire DNA molecule has been replicated. Eventually, two identical DNA molecules are formed, each with one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.
Overall, DNA replication with DNA polymerase is a complex and highly regulated process that ensures the accurate duplication of genetic information.
1. DNA replication begins when the double-stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two separate strands, forming a replication fork.
2. The enzyme called DNA polymerase attaches to one of the DNA strands at the replication fork.
3. DNA polymerase starts adding complementary nucleotides to the original DNA strand, following the base-pairing rules (adenine pairs with thymine, guanine pairs with cytosine).
4. The DNA polymerase "reads" the template strand of DNA, and as it moves along the strand, it adds the appropriate complementary nucleotides to the newly forming daughter strand.
5. The two daughter DNA strands are synthesized simultaneously by DNA polymerase at the replication fork, with one strand being synthesized continuously in a 5' to 3' direction (leading strand), and the other strand being synthesized discontinuously in small segments called Okazaki fragments (lagging strand).
6. As DNA polymerase moves along the template strand, it proofreads the newly synthesized DNA, correcting any errors in the nucleotide sequence.
7. Once the entire DNA molecule has been replicated, the two resulting daughter DNA molecules separate from each other.
8. The process of DNA replication is complete, resulting in two identical copies of the original DNA molecule.