Cis- trans
Cis- and trans- are prefixes used to describe different types of isomers in chemistry.
Cis- refers to the arrangement of functional groups on the same side of a molecule. In a cis-isomer, the two substituents are on the same side of a double bond or ring.
Trans- refers to the arrangement of functional groups on opposite sides of a molecule. In a trans-isomer, the two substituents are on opposite sides of a double bond or ring.
These prefixes are mainly used to describe geometric isomers, which have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms.
Cis- and trans- are two prefixes used in organic chemistry to describe the spatial arrangement of substituents around a double bond or a cyclic structure.
1. Cis-: When two substituents are on the same side of a double bond or a cyclic structure, they are said to be cis- to each other. In other words, they are located on the same face of the molecule.
2. Trans-: When two substituents are on opposite sides of a double bond or a cyclic structure, they are said to be trans- to each other. In other words, they are located on opposite faces of the molecule.
To identify whether a molecule is in a cis- or trans- conformation, you need to examine the relative positions of the substituents around the double bond or cyclic structure. If they are on the same side, it is cis-. If they are on opposite sides, it is trans-.