In 2–3 sentences, explain why identifying the geographic situation of a city is useful.

Identifying the geographic situation of a city is useful as it helps in understanding its climate, natural resources, and geographical barriers which can impact various aspects like infrastructure development, economic activities, and urban planning. It also helps in analyzing the city's vulnerability to natural disasters and determining its strategic significance in terms of transportation and trade routes.

In 2–3 sentences, identify two formal regions that contain Kraków, explaining how they fit the definition of a formal region.

Two formal regions that contain Kraków are the Lesser Poland Voivodeship and the Małopolska Region. These regions fit the definition of a formal region as they are administrative divisions with clearly defined boundaries, have a specific governmental structure, and possess common characteristics such as shared history, culture, and language that distinguish them from neighboring regions.

Identifying the geographic situation of a city is useful because it provides important information about its physical location, climate, natural resources, and potential vulnerabilities to hazards such as earthquakes or flooding. This knowledge helps in understanding the city's suitability for various activities, planning infrastructure development, and anticipating potential challenges or opportunities.