Define structural isomerism
Structural isomerism, also known as constitutional isomerism, is a form of isomerism where compounds have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of atoms within the molecule. In other words, structural isomers have different connectivity or bonding patterns between atoms. This can result in different properties and chemical reactivity. Examples of structural isomers include n-butane and isobutane, which both have the molecular formula C4H10 but have different structural arrangements.
Structural isomerism refers to the phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement or connectivity of atoms within their molecules. In other words, structural isomers have the same types and numbers of atoms but exhibit different structural arrangements.
These isomers differ in the positioning of atoms or functional groups within their molecular structure, leading to distinct chemical properties. Structural isomerism is one of the main types of isomerism observed in organic compounds, and it can be further categorized into different subtypes based on the specific structural differences between isomers.
Some common examples of structural isomerism include chain isomerism, where the carbon skeleton of the molecule differs, position isomerism, where functional groups are attached to different positions on the same carbon backbone, and functional group isomerism, where compounds contain different functional groups.