Which of the following concepts, related to social contract theory, best explains the source of government power?
a divine right of kings
b popular sovereignty
c natural rights
d limited government
b. popular sovereignty
The concept that best explains the source of government power related to social contract theory is popular sovereignty (option b). Popular sovereignty suggests that the power of the government is derived from the consent or will of the people. According to this principle, the people hold the ultimate power and authority in the government, and they voluntarily give up some of their individual freedoms to form a collective body, which then governs based on their consent and for their benefit.
To determine which concept best explains the source of government power, we will need to examine each option and understand their association with social contract theory.
a) Divine right of kings:
The divine right of kings is a concept that suggests that a ruler's authority is derived from a higher power, usually considered to be a god or gods. This concept is not directly related to social contract theory, as it focuses more on the concept of religious legitimacy rather than a mutual agreement between a government and its citizens.
b) Popular sovereignty:
Popular sovereignty is a core principle of social contract theory. It posits that the ultimate source of governmental power lies with the people. In other words, the authority of the government is derived from the consent and will of the governed. This concept aligns with the idea that government power should be based on the collective agreement and participation of citizens.
c) Natural rights:
While natural rights are an important component of social contract theory, they are not directly related to explaining the source of government power. Natural rights refer to inherent rights that individuals possess by virtue of their existence. These rights include life, liberty, and property. However, they do not necessarily determine the source of government power.
d) Limited government:
Limited government is a principle that imposes specific restrictions on governmental power, typically through a constitution or a set of laws. While this concept plays a role in defining the scope and limitations of government, it does not directly explain the source of its power.
Based on the explanation, the concept that best explains the source of government power related to social contract theory is b) popular sovereignty, as it emphasizes the idea that the government derives its power from the consent and will of the people it governs.