Which form occur in water ,Nonnionic or Zwitterionic form and why ?
In water, the zwitterionic form is commonly found rather than the nonionic form.
Zwitterions are molecules or ions that have both positive and negative charges within the same molecule or ion. In the case of water, the zwitterionic form occurs due to the self-ionization of water molecules. This self-ionization leads to the formation of hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in small amounts.
The zwitterionic form of water occurs when the hydronium and hydroxide ions interact with water molecules, resulting in the formation of a transient dipole. These transient dipoles cause a continuous rearrangement of charges within the water molecule, leading to the presence of both a positive and negative charge, thus forming the zwitterionic structure.
The nonionic form of water, on the other hand, occurs when the hydronium and hydroxide ions are not present or do not interact with water molecules. However, due to the prevalence of the self-ionization of water, the zwitterionic form is much more common in pure water.
The presence of nonionic or zwitterionic form of a compound in water depends on its chemical structure and properties.
Nonionic form:
- Nonionic compounds do not possess any charged groups or ions.
- In water, nonionic compounds remain in their neutral state since they do not have any charges to interact with water molecules.
- Examples of nonionic compounds in water include most organic molecules, such as sugars, alcohols, and hydrocarbons.
Zwitterionic form:
- Zwitterionic compounds contain both positive and negative charged groups within the same molecule.
- In water, zwitterionic compounds can exist as dipolar ions since they can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
- They have a positive charge on one portion of the molecule and a negative charge on another portion.
- Examples of zwitterionic compounds in water include amino acids and buffers.
The occurrence of nonionic or zwitterionic form in water depends on the specific chemical structure and properties of the compound in question. Some compounds may exist solely in the nonionic form, while others may exhibit zwitterionic properties.