John Bowlby's (1944) theory of crime suggests that the primary cause of antisocial behaviour is

choose the correct answer:

a. inappropriate role models
b.poverty
c. chromosomal abnormalities
d. maternal deprivation
e. low self control

d. maternal deprivation

The correct answer is d. maternal deprivation. According to John Bowlby's (1944) theory of crime, the primary cause of antisocial behavior is believed to be maternal deprivation, which refers to the absence or loss of the mother figure during the critical period of a child's development. This deprivation can lead to long-lasting psychological and social difficulties, potentially resulting in antisocial behavior later in life.