Thermal Energy and Temperature, answer p293 #1-3
1. What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the energy that is created by the movement of particles within a substance. This energy can be transferred from one object to another and can cause changes in temperature and state of matter.
2. What is temperature?
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. The higher the temperature, the faster the particles are moving and the more thermal energy they possess.
3. How is thermal energy transferred?
Thermal energy can be transferred through conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the direct transfer of heat between two objects in contact. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of particles in a fluid or gas. Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through the emission of electromagnetic radiation, such as sunlight.
Sure! Here are the step-by-step answers to questions 1-3 on page 293 regarding thermal energy and temperature:
Question 1:
The question is asking what happens to the thermal energy of a substance as its temperature increases.
Step 1: Thermal energy refers to the total amount of energy generated by the movement of particles within a substance. Temperature, on the other hand, is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles within a substance.
Step 2: As the temperature of a substance increases, the kinetic energy of individual particles also increases. This means that the particles are moving faster and colliding with each other more frequently, resulting in an increase in the total thermal energy of the substance.
Answer 1: Therefore, the thermal energy of a substance increases as its temperature increases.
Question 2:
The question is asking whether temperature and thermal energy have the same units.
Step 1: Temperature is typically measured using the Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), or Kelvin (K) scales. The Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are based on the freezing and boiling points of water, while the Kelvin scale is based on absolute zero.
Step 2: Thermal energy, on the other hand, is measured in units of energy, such as joules (J) in the SI system.
Answer 2: Therefore, temperature and thermal energy do not have the same units. Temperature is measured in degrees, while thermal energy is measured in energy units.
Question 3:
The question is asking how temperature and thermal energy are related.
Step 1: Temperature and thermal energy are related in that temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles within a substance, while thermal energy is the total amount of energy generated by the movement of particles.
Step 2: A substance with a higher temperature generally has more thermal energy because the particles are moving faster and colliding with each other more frequently.
Answer 3: Therefore, temperature and thermal energy are related in that a higher temperature generally corresponds to higher thermal energy, but they are not the same thing. Temperature measures the average, while thermal energy measures the total.