a)suppose you walk across the carpet, touch a metal doorknob and get a shock. What charge do the particles causing charge have a negative or positive
b)Use the structure of the atom to explain why these particles have the charge you identify in part a
a) The particles causing the shock have a negative charge.
b) Electrons have a negative charge and are located outside the nucleus of an atom in the electron cloud. When you walk across the carpet, your body may gain extra electrons from friction with the carpet. When you touch a metal doorknob, the excess electrons jump from your body to the doorknob, causing a brief flow of electricity and a shock. Therefore, the extra electrons that cause the shock have a negative charge.
a) The particles causing the shock on the doorknob would have a negative charge.
b) The structure of an atom consists of three main particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons carry a positive charge, neutrons have no charge (they are neutral), and electrons carry a negative charge.
In an atom, protons and neutrons are located in the central nucleus, while electrons orbit around the nucleus in energy levels or shells. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atom's charge, and atoms are typically neutral because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
However, when two objects come into contact, such as your feet on the carpet, electrons can be transferred from one object to another due to friction. In the case of walking across a carpet, electrons are transferred from the carpet to your body, giving your body a negative charge.
When you touch a doorknob (which is usually made of metal), the excess electrons on your body jump onto the doorknob. Since electrons are negatively charged particles and are transferred to the doorknob, the doorknob acquires a negative charge. When you touch the doorknob and complete the circuit, the excess electrons on the doorknob rush to equalize the charge potential by flowing through your body, resulting in a shock sensation.