What's reform of Haile Selassie in the period of 1930-1935?
During the period of 1930-1935, Haile Selassie implemented several economic, social, and political reforms in Ethiopia. Some of the key reforms included:
1. Codification of laws: Haile Selassie commissioned a group of legal experts to codify Ethiopia's laws, which resulted in the publication of the country's first legal code in 1930. This helped to establish a basis for civil law and justice in Ethiopia.
2. Land reform: Haile Selassie implemented a series of land reforms that aimed to improve the country's agricultural productivity. He abolished feudal land tenure and redistributed land to farmers, which helped to increase agricultural production and reduce poverty in rural areas.
3. Education reform: Haile Selassie established several new schools and universities, including the University of Addis Ababa, which helped to improve the literacy rate in the country.
4. Political reform: Haile Selassie introduced a new constitution in 1931 that established a constitutional monarchy and granted certain rights to citizens, such as freedom of speech and assembly. This provided a framework for democratic government in Ethiopia.
Overall, Haile Selassie's reforms helped to modernize Ethiopia and improve the quality of life for its citizens. However, some critics argue that these reforms did not go far enough in addressing Ethiopia's deep-rooted social and economic problems, and that more radical changes were needed.
During the period of 1930-1935, Emperor Haile Selassie implemented a series of reforms in Ethiopia aimed at modernizing the country and consolidating his power. These reforms covered various aspects of governance, law, education, and infrastructure. Here is a step-by-step breakdown of some of the key reforms during this period:
1. Abolition of Slavery: In 1931, Haile Selassie made the momentous decision to officially abolish slavery in Ethiopia. This law prohibited the ownership and trade of slaves, marking a significant step towards ending a long-standing practice in the country.
2. Introduction of a Written Constitution: In 1931, a written constitution was introduced, known as the "Constitution of Ethiopia, 1931." This constitution laid out the framework for a modern legal system, defined the roles and responsibilities of the government, and provided basic rights to the citizens of Ethiopia.
3. Judicial Reforms: Haile Selassie established a system of modern courts and introduced judicial reforms to ensure fairness and equality. This included the training of judges, lawyers, and other legal professionals to improve the administration of justice.
4. Land Reforms: The Emperor initiated land reforms to address issues of land ownership, distribution, and exploitation. The aim was to increase agricultural productivity, prevent land concentration among a few wealthy individuals, and provide better opportunities for rural communities.
5. Educational Reforms: Haile Selassie recognized the importance of education in Ethiopia's development and implemented reforms to expand access to education. Schools were built, and efforts were made to improve literacy rates and provide modern education to the Ethiopian population.
6. Infrastructure Development: The Emperor prioritized the development of infrastructure to modernize the country. Construction of roads, railways, bridges, and other public works projects were undertaken to improve transportation and connectivity within Ethiopia.
7. Military Reforms: Haile Selassie focused on strengthening the Ethiopian military by introducing modern training methods, acquiring modern weaponry, and expanding the armed forces. These reforms aimed to ensure the country's security and defense capabilities.
It is important to note that despite these reforms, the period also witnessed significant challenges, including conflicts and territorial disputes, such as the invasion by Italy in 1935, which resulted in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.