How would each of these factors influence the rate of a reaction?
A. speed it up B. slow it down C. would have no effect
35. reduce temperature
36. increase the concentration of reactant
37. crush reactant into smaller pieces
35. slow it down (lower temperature slows down the kinetic energy of particles, reducing the frequency and force of collisions between reactant molecules)
36. speed it up (more reactant molecules present means a greater likelihood of collisions between molecules, increasing the reaction rate)
37. speed it up (smaller reactant pieces increase the surface area for collisions between molecules, increasing the reaction rate)
35. Reduce temperature: B. Slow it down
When the temperature is reduced, the kinetic energy of the reactant molecules decreases. This results in a decrease in the number of effective collisions between reactant molecules, which slows down the reaction rate.
36. Increase the concentration of reactant: A. Speed it up
Increasing the concentration of reactant increases the number of reactant molecules available for collisions. This leads to an increase in the frequency of effective collisions, which in turn increases the reaction rate.
37. Crush reactant into smaller pieces: A. Speed it up
Crushing a reactant into smaller pieces increases its surface area. This provides more sites for collisions between reactant molecules and therefore increases the frequency of effective collisions. As a result, the reaction rate is sped up.