Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with
sulphuric acid
(H 2 SO 4 ) according to the following
2NaOH (
aq H 2 SO 4 aq ))→ 2H 2 O (l) + Na 2 SO 4 aq
Find the volume of 0.112 M NaOH solution required to
completely react with 10.0 mL of H 2 SO 4 solution.
First, we need to determine the number of moles of H2SO4 present in the 10.0 mL solution. We can use the concentration and volume to do this:
moles H2SO4 = concentration x volume
moles H2SO4 = 1 M x 0.010 L
moles H2SO4 = 0.010 moles
Next, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation to determine the number of moles of NaOH needed to react with the H2SO4:
1 mole H2SO4 reacts with 2 moles NaOH
moles NaOH = 0.010 moles H2SO4 x (2 moles NaOH / 1 mole H2SO4)
moles NaOH = 0.020 moles
Finally, we can use the concentration and number of moles to calculate the volume of the NaOH solution needed:
moles NaOH = concentration x volume
0.020 moles = 0.112 M x volume
volume = 0.178 L or 178 mL
Therefore, we need 178 mL of the 0.112 M NaOH solution to completely react with 10.0 mL of the H2SO4 solution.
To find the volume of the NaOH solution required, we need to use the balanced chemical equation. From the equation:
2NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → 2H2O(l) + Na2SO4(aq)
We can see that the ratio of NaOH to H2SO4 is 2:1. This means that for every 2 moles of NaOH, we need 1 mole of H2SO4.
First, we need to determine the number of moles of H2SO4 in the 10.0 mL of H2SO4 solution. To do this, we'll need to use the molarity of the solution:
Molarity (M) = Moles / Volume (L)
We can rearrange the equation to solve for moles:
Moles = Molarity x Volume (L)
Converting the given volume of 10.0 mL to liters:
Volume (L) = 10.0 mL / 1000 = 0.010 L
Now we can calculate the moles of H2SO4:
Moles of H2SO4 = Molarity x Volume (L)
= 0.112 M x 0.010 L
= 0.00112 mol of H2SO4
According to the balanced equation, this means we will need twice as many moles of NaOH:
Moles of NaOH = 2 x Moles of H2SO4
= 2 x 0.00112 mol
= 0.00224 mol of NaOH
Now, we need to calculate the volume of 0.112 M NaOH solution needed to have 0.00224 mol of NaOH. Again, we'll use the molarity formula:
Moles = Molarity x Volume (L)
Rearranging the equation to solve for the volume:
Volume (L) = Moles / Molarity
Plugging in the values:
Volume (L) = 0.00224 mol / 0.112 M
= 0.02 L
Finally, converting the volume from liters to milliliters:
Volume (mL) = 0.02 L x 1000
= 20 mL
Therefore, the volume of the 0.112 M NaOH solution required to completely react with 10.0 mL of H2SO4 solution is 20 mL.