The EPAS1 gene helps Tibetans live at high altitudes by regulating their production of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. At high altitudes where there is lower oxygen availability, the EPAS1 gene triggers the production of more hemoglobin, which allows Tibetans to transport oxygen more efficiently and maintain adequate oxygen levels in their tissues. This adaptation helps them avoid altitude sickness and thrive in areas where others would struggle to survive.
