Techniques of integration

There are several techniques of integration that can be used to solve integrals. Some of these techniques include:

1. Substitution: This technique involves replacing a variable in the integral with another variable or expression to simplify the integral.

2. Integration by parts: This technique involves breaking up an integral into two parts and integrating each part separately.

3. Partial fractions: This technique involves breaking up a fraction into simpler fractions and integrating each one separately.

4. Trigonometric substitution: This technique involves using trigonometric identities to simplify an integral.

5. Completing the square: This technique involves manipulating an integral to fit the form of a simple function that can be easily integrated.

6. Series expansions: This technique involves expanding a function into a power series and integrating each term separately.

7. Numerical integration: This technique involves approximating an integral using numerical methods such as Simpson’s rule or the trapezoidal rule.