Use the illustration to answer the question.
1. Which of the following conclusions about the Freedman's Bureau is best supported by the illustration?
It assisted only African Americans.
It employed only women.
It provided education to people of all ages.
Its students passed the literacy requirements for voting.
2. Which of the following phrases might a Republican congressman have used to describe President Johnson's Reconstruction plans?
too lenient
too harsh
well-balanced
difficult to accomplish
Republicans feared that the Supreme Court might use its power of judicial review to declare the Civil Rights Act unconstitutional. In the Dred Scott decision of 1857, the Court had ruled that African Americans were not citizens. To avoid a similar ruling, Republicans proposed the Fourteenth Amendment. It defined citizens as "all persons born or naturalized in the United States." (The amendment did not apply to most Native Americans.) It guaranteed citizens "equal protection of the laws" and forbade states to "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law." Thus, states could not legally discriminate against a citizen on unreasonable grounds, such as race. The Fourteenth Amendment was proposed in 1866.
Use the passage to answer the question.
3. Reread the paragraph from the text about the Fourteenth Amendment: According to this passage, how did the Dred Scott decision help inspire the Fourteenth Amendment?
The amendment was meant to ban slavery, which the Dred Scott decision supported.
The Dred Scott decision gave the Supreme Court the power to review laws, which the amendment ended.
The Dred Scott decision gave citizenship to Native Americans, but the amendment gave states the right to decide who is a citizen.
The Dred Scott decision declared that African Americans were not citizens, so the amendment defined citizenship to include them.
4. Why did Republicans in Congress attempt to impeach President Andrew Johnson?
The disagreed over plans for Reconstruction.
They believed Johnson was guilty of taking bribes.
They disagreed over the election of President Grant.
They opposed the Fifteenth Amendment, but he supported it.
5. In which of the following areas did Reconstruction have the most positive effect?
education
agriculture
urbanization
poverty reduction
The fruits of the toil [labor] of millions are boldly stolen to build up colossal fortunes for a few, unprecedented [never having happened or existed before] in the history of mankind; and the possessors of these, in turn, despise the Republic and endanger liberty. From the same prolific [producing a lot of something] womb of governmental injustice we breed the two great classes—tramps and millionaires. . .
We believe that the power of government—in other words, of the people—should be expanded . . . to the end [result] that oppression, injustice, and poverty shall eventually cease in the land. . . .
—Preamble to the Platform of the Populist Party
Use the excerpt to answer the question.
6. Based on this selection, which policy would the Populist Party be mostly likely to support?
lowering taxes on large businesses
increasing railroad rates paid by farmers
regulating railroad rates to help farmers
lowering the price of agricultural products
7. Which of the following were the cost of mining? Choose all that apply.
streams that were polluted and forests cut down
permanent settlements began
foreign miners were treated unfairly
lawlessness and disorder were rampant
…[It] is evident [obvious] that the state, and if necessary the nation, has got to possess the right of supervision and control as regards the great corporations which are its creatures; particularly as regards the great business combinations [corporations] which derive [develop] a portion of their importance from the existence of some monopolistic tendency [desire for no competition]. The right should be exercised with caution and self restraint; but it should exist, so that it may be invoked if the need arises.
—President Theodore Roosevelt, 1901
Use the excerpt to answer the question.
8. Which practice does Roosevelt advocate in the excerpt?
control of banks
support of unions
regulation of monopolies
freedom of corporations
9. What was one effect of the Haymarket Riot?
The influence of the American Federation of Labor diminished.
The practice of collective bargaining became more common.
Membership in the Knights of Labor grew rapidly.
Organized labor became less popular in the United States.
10. How was the tragedy at Wounded Knee related to the Ghost Dance?
Wovoka, from the Paiute people, created the Ghost Dance to prepare the Lakota to fight at Wounded Knee.
Sitting Bull led the Lakota at Wounded Knee, and he also spread the Ghost Dance.
After the killing of Lakota people by soldiers at Wounded Knee, Lakota created the Ghost Dance religion to express their sorrow.
Groups of Lakota left reservations after the banning of the Ghost Dance, and soldiers killed many of them at Wounded Knee.
11. How did Gustavus Swift's introduction of refrigeration to the meat packing industry change food and ranching in the United States?
It made meat too expensive for most Americans.
It allowed meat to be shipped long distances.
It led to the decline of ranching in the West.
It led to more animals being raised near cities.
1. It provided education to people of all ages.
2. too lenient
3. The Dred Scott decision declared that African Americans were not citizens, so the amendment defined citizenship to include them.
4. They disagreed over plans for Reconstruction.
5. education
6. regulating railroad rates to help farmers
7. streams that were polluted and forests cut down, lawlessness and disorder were rampant
8. regulation of monopolies
9. Organized labor became less popular in the United States.
10. Groups of Lakota left reservations after the banning of the Ghost Dance, and soldiers killed many of them at Wounded Knee.
11. It allowed meat to be shipped long distances.
1. The best supported conclusion about the Freedman's Bureau from the illustration is that it provided education to people of all ages.
2. A Republican congressman might have used the phrase "too lenient" to describe President Johnson's Reconstruction plans.
3. According to the passage, the Dred Scott decision declared that African Americans were not citizens, so the Fourteenth Amendment defined citizenship to include them.
4. Republicans in Congress attempted to impeach President Andrew Johnson because they disagreed over plans for Reconstruction.
5. Reconstruction had the most positive effect in the area of education.
6. Based on the selection, the Populist Party would mostly likely support regulating railroad rates to help farmers.
7. The costs of mining included streams that were polluted and forests cut down, foreign miners being treated unfairly, and lawlessness and disorder being rampant.
8. In the excerpt, Theodore Roosevelt advocates for the regulation of monopolies.
9. One effect of the Haymarket Riot was that organized labor became less popular in the United States.
10. The tragedy at Wounded Knee was related to the Ghost Dance because groups of Lakota left reservations after the banning of the Ghost Dance, and soldiers killed many of them at Wounded Knee.
11. Gustavus Swift's introduction of refrigeration to the meat packing industry changed food and ranching in the United States by allowing meat to be shipped long distances.