Written Response: Choose one item and write a paragraph in response. Compose complete sentences that illustrate proper grammar and spelling. Identify the letter of the item you're responding to. Your teacher will grade your response to ensure you receive proper credit for your answer.

a. One can identify the “Five Themes of Geography” as “Location,” “Place,” “Interactions,” “Movement,” and “Regions.”

What conclusions can you draw about how the environment affects people and how people affect the environment? Use examples from Kansas geography and history to support your conclusions.

b. The quotation below is from a letter written in 1879 by Kansas Governor John P. St. John.

“Any colored man who is honest and industrious and who can come with a very small capital to sustain him for a short time until he can get a start can do well . . . . The life and property of the colored man is just as safe here as is the life and property of a white man. The advantages for educating his children are equal to those extended to white children.”

Based on the quotation, and your knowledge of Kansas history, write a paragraph to persuade African American families to leave the South and move to Kansas.

c. The flowchart below shows changes in farming practices in Kansas after the Dust Bowl.

Farming Practices

· Straight-row planting

· Sodbusting right arrow

· Single-crop planting

The Dust Bowl

right arrow

· Aquifer irrigation

· Stubble mulching

· Crop rotation

Explain the cause-and-effect relationship illustrated by this chart.

d. The quotations below are from two Supreme Court Rulings: Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas.

“If the civil and political rights of both races be equal, one cannot be inferior to the other civilly or politically.” —Justice Henry Brown

“Segregation . . . denies to Negro children the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment—even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors of white and Negro schools may be equal.” —Chief Justice Earl Warren

Compare and contrast the two rulings.

e. The quotation below is from the Kansas Bill of Rights.

“All political power is inherent in the people, and all free governments are founded on their authority, and are instituted for their equal protection and benefit. No special privileges or immunities shall ever be granted by the legislature, which may not be altered, revoked or repealed by the same body; and this power shall be exercised by no other tribunal or agency.”

Based on your knowledge of Kansas history and government, write three interview questions you might ask the writers of the Kansas Bill of Rights. For each question, write why you have included it.

B. Governor John P. St. John claimed in a letter written in 1879 that “Any colored man who is honest and industrious and who can come with a very small capital to sustain him for a short time until he can get a start can do well . . . . The life and property of the colored man is just as safe here as is the life and property of a white man. The advantages for educating his children are equal to those extended to white children.” Governor St. John was promoting the idea of the Exodusters, a group of African Americans who moved to Kansas in search of a better life, following Reconstruction in the South. Based on Governor St. John’s statements, it is clear that the move to Kansas would provide African American families an opportunity for economic and educational advancement, as well as a safe environment for their families. The implementation of Jim Crow laws and systemic racism in the South would prevent these opportunities from being achieved by African Americans in that region.