What are some ways that those who are native to the Tibetan plateau have adapted to living in higher altitudes?
1. Increased red blood cells: Native Tibetans are able to maintain high levels of oxygen in their bodies despite the low concentration of oxygen in the air due to the high altitude. This is due to their ability to produce more red blood cells to carry oxygen to their organs.
2. Larger lung capacity: Native Tibetans have evolved to have larger lung volumes, which allows them to take in more oxygen with each breath.
3. Unique genetic traits: Several gene variations have been identified in Tibetans that are associated with adaptation to high altitude. These genes are involved in various pathways, such as oxygen sensing, hypoxia signaling, and energy metabolism.
4. Modified metabolism: Tibetan populations have developed unique metabolic adaptations that allow them to survive in high-altitude environments. For example, they have a lower basal metabolic rate, which conserves energy in low-oxygen environments.
5. Unique cultural practices: Tibetan people have also developed a number of cultural practices that support their adaptation to living in high altitudes. One such practice is using yaks and other animals to transport goods and people across rugged terrain. Another is harvesting and using medicinal plants that are indigenous to the plateau and can improve oxygen uptake and overall health.