- Answer questions #1-7 from p246 in your notes (use p243-244 in Separating Mixtures 2 as well as your notes from the other pages
1. What are some of the methods used to separate mixtures?
Various methods can be used to separate mixtures such as filtration, distillation, evaporation, chromatography, and centrifugation.
2. Why is it important to separate mixtures?
Mixtures need to be separated so that their individual components can be isolated and used in different ways. Additionally, separating mixtures is important for industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, and mining, where purity and efficiency are crucial.
3. How does filtration work?
Filtration works by passing a mixture through a filter that allows the liquid or gas to pass through while retaining the solid particles.
4. What is distillation and how does it work?
Distillation is a process that separates a mixture based on the differences in boiling points of its components. The mixture is heated until one component vaporizes and can be condensed back into a liquid form, while the other components remain in their original state.
5. What is evaporation and how does it work?
Evaporation is the process of separating a liquid from a solid by heat. The mixture is heated until the liquid evaporates, leaving behind the solid.
6. How does chromatography work?
Chromatography works by separating a mixture based on differences in its components' affinities for the mobile and stationary phases. The mixture is passed through a stationary phase, and the different components' interaction with the stationary phase causes them to separate.
7. What is centrifugation and how does it work?
Centrifugation is a process that separates components based on differences in their densities. The mixture is spun at high speeds, causing the denser components to settle to the bottom, while the less dense components remain on top.