Students completed a lab investigation consisting of four stations, A, B, C, and D. Equal amounts of sand at the same starting temperature were heated by identical light sources. The light sources were the same distance from each station, but at different angles to the surfaces. Two thermometers were used at each station, one just above the surface and the other just below the surface. The lights were turned on for 30 minutes and then removed for the next 30 minutes. Temperatures were recorded each minute for the 60 minutes. Using the model below, which station was most of the energy from the light sources transferred to the sand?

Question

Students completed a lab investigation consisting of four stations, A, B, C, and D. Equal amounts of sand at the same starting temperature were heated by identical light sources. The light sources were the same distance from each station, but at different angles to the surfaces. Two thermometers were used at each station, one just above the surface and the other just below the surface. The lights were turned on for 30 minutes and then removed for the next 30 minutes. Temperatures were recorded each minute for the 60 minutes. Using the model below, which station was most of the energy from the light sources transferred to the sand?

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Question 16 options:

Station D, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by conduction.

Station A, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by conduction.

Station A, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by radiation.

Station D, because the sand is receiving the most direct heat transfer by radiation.

Answer 1

It is impossible to determine from the information provided which station was most of the energy from the light sources transferred to the sand. The model is undefined.