Describe the three ways in which genetic variation can occur.
1. Mutations: Mutations are the changes that occur in the DNA sequence, which can alter the resulting protein and ultimately change the traits of an organism.
2. Genetic recombination: During the process of meiosis, the chromosomes of an individual undergo genetic recombination, which results in the rearrangement of genetic materials. This process leads to the creation of new combinations of genes that were previously present in two different individuals.
3. Gene flow: Gene flow is the process wherein genes move from one population to another. This can occur when individuals migrate and reproduce with another population, which can result in the incorporation of new genetic material into the receiving population.