This process is called decomposition. It can occur through various natural processes like chemical, biological, or physical processes. The decomposition of organic compounds is mostly carried out by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms break down the organic matter into simpler compounds like carbon dioxide, water, and other small organic compounds. When dead organic matter decomposes, it provides essential nutrients to the soil and helps in the growth of plants. However, excessive decomposition of organic matter can lead to the release of harmful gases like methane, carbon dioxide, and other greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change.
