Biology of common carps
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a freshwater fish species that is widely distributed throughout the world. They are a hardy species that can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions and have been introduced into many habitats outside their native range.
Physical description: The adult common carp can reach up to 120 cm in length and weigh up to 40 kg. They have a thick, scale-covered body, a long dorsal fin, and a pair of barbels near their mouth. Their coloration can vary greatly, ranging from gold to olive-brown, depending on the breed.
Habitat and distribution: Common carp are found in a variety of freshwater habitats, including rivers, lakes, ponds, and reservoirs. They are native to Asia and Europe but have been introduced to many other parts of the world, including North America, South Africa, and Australia.
Diet: Common carp are omnivorous and will feed on a variety of food sources, including insects, crustaceans, algae, and aquatic plants. Their feeding behavior can have both positive and negative effects on aquatic ecosystems, and they are often considered a nuisance species in certain areas.
Reproduction: Common carp spawn in the spring and early summer when the water temperature rises above 20 °C. Females lay up to 1 million eggs, which are then fertilized by the males. The larvae hatch after a week, and young common carp reach sexual maturity at around 3 years of age.
Economic importance: Common carp are an important species for both aquaculture and recreational fishing. They are valued for their meat and are often stocked in ponds for sportfishing. They are also used in ornamental ponds and water gardens due to their hardiness and attractive appearance.