Biology of grass carps
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is a species of freshwater fish native to eastern Asia but has been introduced to various parts of the world as an aquaculture species and for weed control. Here are some of the basic biology of grass carps:
1. Habitat: Grass carp inhabit lakes, rivers, and other freshwater bodies. They are commonly found in slow-moving or still water with highly vegetated areas.
2. Physical appearance: Grass carp have a torpedo-shaped body, with large scales and a broad head. They can grow up to 1.5 meters in length and weigh up to 45 kg. They have a grayish-green or brownish color on their back and sides with a white belly.
3. Diet: Grass carp are primarily herbivorous, feeding on a wide range of aquatic vegetations, including algae, water lilies, and various submerged and emergent plants.
4. Reproduction: Grass carp begin to sexually mature between 2 and 4 years of age. They spawn in the spring and summer when the water temperature typically ranges from 20 to 25 °C. They are broadcast spawners, meaning that eggs and sperm are released into the water, and fertilization occurs externally.
5. Lifespan: Grass carp can live for up to 15 years in the wild, but their lifespan is typically shorter in captivity.
6. Ecology: Grass carp play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems. They consume large amounts of vegetation, which aids in regulating aquatic plant growth and improving water quality.
7. Commercial importance: Grass carp has commercial importance as a food fish in some countries, but they are more widely used as biological control agents for aquatic plant management. They are also becoming increasingly popular as ornamental fish in the aquarium trade.