The laws of thermodynamics are:
force = mass times acceleration
entropy
stoichiometry
conservation of mass
conservation of energy
First Law of Thermodynamics: Conservation of energy. This states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed from one form to another.
Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy. This law states that the total entropy (disorder) in a closed system always increases over time. This means that all physical processes tend towards a state of maximum disorder.
Third Law of Thermodynamics: Absolute zero. This law states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of the system approaches a constant minimum value. This means that at absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal is zero.
Stoichiometry: This is the study of the quantitative relationships between the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
Conservation of Mass: This principle states that the mass of an isolated system (closed to all matter transfer) remains constant over time. This means that mass cannot be created or destroyed, only redistributed within the system.
Overall, the laws of thermodynamics govern the behavior of energy and matter in various physical and chemical systems. These laws are essential to understanding a wide range of phenomena from heat transfer to chemical reactions and even the behavior of black holes in space.