• Critically discuss the differences and similarities that can be identified on the basis of technology as an external determinant of the various education systems – South Africa, Kenya and Mauritus
Technology is a significant external determinant of different education systems around the world. The ability of a country to incorporate technology into its schooling system affects many aspects, including curriculum, teaching methodologies, as well as students’ learning experiences. This essay aims to critically discuss the similarities and differences that can be identified on the basis of technology as an external determinant of South Africa, Kenya, and Mauritius's education systems.
South Africa, Kenya, and Mauritius have different education systems. However, there are similarities in their approaches toward technology utilization for supporting their education. For instance, South Africa implemented a national e-education strategy in 2019 to improve access to learning opportunities and support the development of technology-rich environments in schools. Similarly, Kenya's government has been implementing the Digital Learning Program (DLP) since 2013 as part of a broader effort to integrate technology into the education system. Mauritius has been successful in achieving the highest level of internet penetration in Africa, which makes it possible to use digital technology in the education system.
Another similarity that exists between these three countries is the need to address the digital divide. Most of the urban areas have internet connectivity, while remote and rural areas often struggle to access the internet. It is therefore important for education stakeholders to find ways to bridge the gap, such as through the use of mobile technology. Initiatives within these countries to address these problems have been implemented with varying levels of effectiveness.
On the other hand, differences between the three countries are evident. In South Africa, the education system is characterized by stark inequalities, with technology being perceived as a tool to bridge this divide. The government has committed to improving the ICT infrastructure in all schools, with a particular focus on historically disadvantaged communities. Kenya's education system is also faced with significant disparities, and its government has been investing in ICT infrastructure to promote equity in education. This difference is notable with the full implementation of the DLP, which has contributed significantly to improved access to digital learning content, thereby bridging the gap that separates the rich and poor. In contrast, Mauritius's education system is among the best in Africa, with strong infrastructure and policies to support the integration of digital technology.
The implementation of a technology-enhanced education system has also been approached differently by these three countries. South Africa and Kenya have prioritized the introduction of e-learning materials and devices by introducing online learning platforms and digital content. Both countries have developed policies and infrastructure to enhance teacher training in the field of technology and promote digital literacy. In contrast, Mauritius has focused on integrating technology into classroom teaching and learning, with a particular emphasis on using technology for creating innovative learning opportunities, for example, gamification and simulations.
In conclusion, technology is a significant external determinant of the education system in most countries. South Africa, Kenya and Mauritius have adopted differing policies and approaches to integrating technology into their education systems. The similarity observed across these countries is the need to address the digital divide in education. However, the differences between these countries are evident, including the level of ICT infrastructure, policies, and initiatives implemented. Understanding these differences and similarities enables stakeholders to devise effective policies that provide students with equal access to technology-enhanced learning experiences.
Step 1: Introduction to technology as an external determinant of education systems
Technology is a significant external determinant that impacts education systems around the world, including South Africa, Kenya, and Mauritius. By critically examining the differences and similarities in how technology is utilized in these three countries, we can gain insights into their education systems and their ability to leverage technological advancements.
Step 2: Overview of technology in education in South Africa
South Africa has made efforts to integrate technology into its education system. The country has seen some progress in terms of infrastructure development, access to the internet, and availability of digital devices in schools. However, there are still notable disparities, particularly in rural areas, where access to technology is limited. Additionally, there are challenges in providing effective training for educators on technology integration.
Step 3: Overview of technology in education in Kenya
Kenya has made rapid strides in utilizing technology in its education system, particularly with the introduction of digital learning platforms. The government has implemented initiatives such as eLimu and Tangerine to enhance access to educational content through tablets in schools. However, similar to South Africa, there are still challenges related to infrastructure, internet connectivity, and teacher training.
Step 4: Overview of technology in education in Mauritius
Mauritius has experienced success in integrating technology into its education system. The country has invested in infrastructure, providing schools with necessary technology tools, including interactive whiteboards, projectors, and computer labs. Additionally, Mauritius has introduced various e-learning platforms to facilitate online learning. The government has also prioritized teacher training programs to ensure educators are skilled in utilizing technology effectively.
Step 5: Comparing the similarities and differences
Similarities:
- All three countries recognize the importance of technology in education and have made efforts to integrate it into their systems.
- There are challenges related to infrastructure development, internet connectivity, and teacher training in all three countries.
Differences:
- South Africa and Kenya have made progress in technology integration, but they still face significant disparities, particularly in accessing technology in rural areas. In contrast, Mauritius has invested more in infrastructural development, resulting in better access to technology across the country.
- Mauritius has focused on providing necessary technology tools to schools, such as interactive whiteboards and projectors, while South Africa and Kenya have primarily relied on digital learning platforms and initiatives.
- South Africa and Kenya have made efforts to address the digital divide, but they still face challenges in providing effective training for educators on technology integration. Mauritius, on the other hand, has prioritized teacher training programs to ensure educators are skilled in utilizing technology effectively.
Step 6: Conclusion
In conclusion, technology as an external determinant of education systems in South Africa, Kenya, and Mauritius has both similarities and differences. While all three countries recognize the importance of technology in education, there are disparities in terms of access and infrastructure development. South Africa and Kenya face challenges in providing effective teacher training, while Mauritius has made significant investments and progress in technology integration. Addressing these disparities and improving infrastructure and teacher training are crucial for leveraging technology to enhance education in these countries.