Some types of algae can grow together with fungi. The fungi provide nutrients from decaying matter to the algae, while the energy the algae get from sunlight is shared with the fungi. Based on this information, how would you describe this relationship?
a
The fungus is a parasite, and the algae is the host.
b
The two organisms are in a mutualistic relationship.
c
The algae is the predator, and the fungus is the prey.
d
The two organisms are in competition.
b
The two organisms are in a mutualistic relationship.
Jumping worms affect populations in forest ecosystems by directly competing with native
a
primary consumers.
b
secondary consumers.
c
decomposers.
d
producers.
c
decomposers.
Polar bears hunt for ringed seals by waiting for them to emerge from breathing holes in the ice. Which abiotic change may decrease a polar bear’s ability to hunt?
a
increased temperatures
b
increased seal population
c
increased ice cover
d
increased competition
a
increased temperatures, since it can cause ice to melt and lead to the disappearance of polar bears' hunting habitats.
b. The two organisms are in a mutualistic relationship.
To determine the correct answer, we need to understand the nature of the relationship between the algae and the fungi. In this case, the fungi provide nutrients from decaying matter to the algae, while the algae share the energy they get from sunlight with the fungi. This interaction benefits both organisms involved. The fungi gain nutrients, while the algae receive additional nutrients and aid in utilizing the energy from sunlight. This mutual exchange of benefits is characteristic of a mutualistic relationship.