16. What happens to sound waves from an object as it moves toward you?
A. The pitch gets lower because of an increase in frequency.
B. The pitch gets higher because of an increase in wavelength.
C. The pitch gets higher because of an increase in frequency.
D. The pitch gets lower because of an increase in wavelength.
17. Which combination of frequencies would produce the lowest beat frequency?
A. 10 Hz and 15 Hz
B. 10 Hz and 20 Hz
C. 500 Hz and 501 Hz
D. 500 Hz and 600 Hz
18. A sound has a higher pitch than a bell. Which quantity must also be higher in this sound than in the bell?
A. wavelength
B. speed
C. frequency
D. amplitude
19. Which statement regarding sound traveling in air is correct?
A. A loud sound travels faster than a quiet sound.
B. The frequency of a sound does not affect the speed at which it travels.
C. As the wavelength increases, the frequency also increases.
D. A wave with a shorter wavelength is always faster than one with a longer wavelength.
20. Which statement about the effect of temperature on the speed of sound is correct?
A. Changes in temperature have no effect on the speed of sound.
B. As temperature increases, the speed of sound decreases because molecules in the medium collide less frequently.
C. As temperature increases, the speed of sound increases because molecules in the medium collide more frequently.
D. As temperature increases, the speed of sound increases because the medium becomes denser.
21. Which forms of electromagnetic radiation are arranged in order of increasing energy?
A. microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma rays
B. gamma rays, ultraviolet, microwaves, infrared
C. infrared, gamma rays, microwaves, ultraviolet
D. microwaves, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays
22. A student is using a weak computer to design a logo. If the weak computer is the only constraint, should the student use the online version or downloaded version of a graphic design software?
A. The downloaded version, because the online version may have limited bandwidth that limits how quickly the designer can work.
B. The online version, because the downloaded version usually requires better equipment than the online version.
C. The downloaded version, because the online version usually requires better equipment than the downloaded version.
D. The online version, because the downloaded version may have limited bandwidth that limits how quickly the designer can work.
23. A student explains that the behavior of EM radiation is wave-like. Which explanation correctly evaluates the wave-like properties of EM radiation?
A. EM radiation has a well-defined energy value.
B. EM radiation has a well-defined frequency.
C. EM radiation has a well-defined mass.
D. EM radiation has a well-defined location.
24. Which observation is evidence that electromagnetic radiation (EMR) has particle-like properties?
A. Some EMR is blocked when it passes through a polarized lens.
B. EMR with energy above a certain value can eject electrons out of a metal.
C. A diffraction pattern is observed when EMR passes through a narrow slit.
D. EMR refracts as it moves into a different medium.
25. Which statement about the double-slit experiment is true?
A. The double-slit experiment proves that electromagnetic radiation consists of particles.
B. The double-slit experiment provides evidence that electromagnetic radiation has both wave-like and particle-like properties.
C. The double-slit experiment provides evidence that electromagnetic radiation has wave-like properties.
D. The double-slit experiment proves that electromagnetic radiation consists of waves.
26. The image shows hydrogen's emission and absorption spectrum. This is compatible with which kind of model?
A. wave model because the lines in the emission spectrum continue in the absorption spectrum.
B. particle model because the atom's electron absorbs and emits energy in discrete wavelengths.
C. wave model because the spectrum is a continuum.
D. particle model because only this model can explain energy transfer.
27. A sunburn is a familiar example of the effect of ionizing radiation, like ultraviolet light, where longer exposure harms the skin and tissues. At the atomic level, what is being produced by ionizing radiation on skin?
A. protons
B. ions
C. light
D. neutrons
28. Which factor makes the biggest difference when studying the effects of radiation on an organism?
A. the duration of exposure
B. the size of the organism
C. the frequency of the radiation
D. the number of cells exposed to the radiation
29. Radioactive isotopes can be used in medical treatments because they emit radiation that can kill cancer cells. What is the primary concern when using radioactive isotopes in medical treatments?
A. the isotopes will decay too quickly and not provide enough radiation to be effective
B. the isotopes will decay too slowly, leading to dangerous levels of radiation exposure
C. the isotopes will target healthy cells instead of cancer cells
D. the isotopes will interfere with other medical treatments, such as chemotherapy
30. Which statement best describes the concept of half-life?
A. Half-life is the amount of time it takes for a radioactive substance to become non-radioactive.
B. Half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay.
C. Half-life is the amount of radiation emitted by a radioactive substance in a given time.
D. Half-life is the amount of energy needed to make a substance radioactive.