The concept of Southern states declaring a law null and void if the law was harmful to the state was called:

Doctrine of Nullification
Secession
Specie Circular

Doctrine of Nullification

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The concept of Southern states declaring a law null and void if it was seen as harmful to the state was known as the Doctrine of Nullification. This concept played a significant role in the history of the United States, particularly during the early to mid-19th century. It allowed individual states to challenge federal laws they deemed unconstitutional or detrimental to their interests. Secession, on the other hand, referred to the act of a state formally leaving the United States. Lastly, the Specie Circular was an executive order issued by President Andrew Jackson in 1836, requiring all public lands to be purchased with gold or silver rather than paper currency, which aimed to stabilize the economy during a period of rapid expansion.