How do electromagnets cause a maglev train to levitate above the track? (1 point)
Responses
Magnets in the sides of the tracks constantly repel and attract magnets in the sides of the train.
Magnets in the sides of the tracks constantly repel and attract magnets in the sides of the train.
Batteries provide electric energy to the electromagnets in the train.
Batteries provide electric energy to the electromagnets in the train.
Magnets in the track and magnets in the bottom of the train repel each other.
Magnets in the track and magnets in the bottom of the train repel each other.
Magnets in the track and magnets in the bottom of the train attract each other.
Magnets in the track and electromagnets in the train create a magnetic field that causes the train to levitate above the track.
Magnets in the track and magnets in the bottom of the train repel each other.
The correct response is: Magnets in the track and magnets in the bottom of the train repel each other.
To understand how electromagnets cause a maglev train to levitate above the track, we need to consider the concept of magnetic repulsion. Maglev trains use a system called electromagnetic suspension (EMS) or electrodynamic suspension (EDS) to achieve levitation.
Both the track and the train have magnets - the track has a series of electromagnets and the train has magnets in its undercarriage. When the train is at rest or traveling at low speeds, the magnets in the track and the bottom of the train are initially attracted to each other due to their opposite poles.
Once the train starts moving, an electric current is passed through the coils of the electromagnets in the track, creating a magnetic field. This magnetic field induces a current in the magnets of the train, which in turn generates its own magnetic field. According to Lenz's law, the induced magnetic field will oppose the change that created it.
The magnetic fields of the track magnets and the induced fields of the train magnets interact, causing repulsion between them. This repulsive force counteracts the force of gravity and allows the train to levitate above the track with a small gap between them. By controlling the current in the track electromagnets, the train's height and stability can be controlled.
In summary, it is the repulsion between the magnets in the track and the magnets in the bottom of the train that enables the maglev train to levitate above the track.