which of the following were actions that motivate Radical Republican

1. Ensuring civil rights for African Americans: Radical Republicans were motivated to pass legislation that guaranteed civil rights for African Americans, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the 14th Amendment.

2. Reconstruction of the South: Following the Civil War, Radical Republicans believed in strict Reconstruction policies that would ensure the South would be fully integrated into the Union and would actively include African Americans in the political process.

3. Removing Confederate influence: Many Radical Republicans sought to remove the political influence of former Confederates from positions of power.

4. Anti-slavery and abolitionist beliefs: Radical Republicans were motivated by a deep belief in the abolition of slavery and wanted to ensure that the institution never returned to the United States.

5. Preservation of the Union: Radical Republicans believed in the importance of preserving the Union and ensuring that secession would never again be attempted.