1. Segregation laws: These laws mandated the separation of African Americans from white Americans in publicly accessible facilities such as schools, buses, bathrooms, and waiting rooms.
2. Poll taxes: These were fees which African Americans were required to pay to vote, effectively disenfranchising them in the electoral process.
3. Employment discrimination laws: African Americans were denied equal treatment in the workplace, and were often barred from holding jobs that were reserved for whites. This created a cycle of poverty and inequality that lasted for generations.
