Researchers plotted a distribution curve for leg length in a population of birds, with length from short to long on the x-axis. The curve shifts to the right after a disturbance. Which statement is correct about natural selection in this population of birds?

• Birds with short legs were selected for.
• Birds with medium-length legs were selected for.
• Birds with long legs and birds with short legs were selected for.
• Birds with long legs were selected for.

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To determine which statement is correct about natural selection in this population of birds, we need to understand the concept of natural selection and how it relates to the shift in the distribution curve for leg length.

Natural selection is the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, based on their impact on individuals' survival and reproduction. Individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to future generations.

In the given scenario, the distribution curve for leg length in the population of birds has shifted to the right after a disturbance. This shift implies that individuals with longer legs have become more prevalent in the population compared to before the disturbance.

Now let's analyze the statement options:

1. Birds with short legs were selected for:
This statement contradicts the information given. The shift to the right suggests that birds with longer legs were selected for, not birds with shorter legs.

2. Birds with medium-length legs were selected for:
The information provided does not directly indicate that birds with medium-length legs were specifically selected for. The shift to the right suggests a preference for longer legs, not medium-length legs.

3. Birds with long legs and birds with short legs were selected for:
This statement is partially correct. The shift in the distribution curve indicates that birds with both long legs and short legs were selected for, as they have become more prevalent in the population. However, it does not specify the relative degree of selection between the two.

4. Birds with long legs were selected for:
This statement is the most accurate based on the information provided. The shift to the right of the distribution curve indicates that birds with longer legs were specifically selected for, as they have become more common in the population.

Therefore, the correct statement about natural selection in this population of birds is: "Birds with long legs were selected for."

Birds with long legs were selected for. When the curve shifts to the right, it indicates that individuals with longer legs had higher fitness in the disturbed environment. This means that natural selection favored birds with longer legs, which were better adapted to the new conditions.