Ocean currents are produced by differences in the temperature of the water at different depths.
True
False
Question 2 (1 point)
Which of the following explains how the three heat transfers work together to heat the troposphere?
a
The sun heats the ground through conduction. Then, the ground heats the air through radiation. Lastly, convection carries the warm air throughout the troposphere.
b
The sun heats the air through radiation. Then, the warm air is carried throughout the troposphere through convection. Lastly, the air heats the ground through conduction.
c
The sun heats the air through convection. Then, the air heats the ground through radiation. Lastly, the ground spreads the heat throughout the troposphere through conduction.
d
The sun heats the ground through radiation. Then the ground heats the air through conduction. Lastly, convection carries the warm air throughout the troposphere.
Question 3 (1 point)
Temperature affects ocean currents cold water is dense and will sink. As the water warms up, it becomes less dense and will rise to the surface.
True
False
Question 4 (1 point)
The Gulf Stream affects the coasts of the United States and England because
a
The Gulf Stream promotes milder temperatures.
b
The Gulf Stream creates greater temperature extremes.
c
The Gulf Stream promotes more upwelling.
d
The Gulf Stream creates high wave action.
Question 5 (1 point)
Read the passage about flying on an airplane.
Flying on an airplane can be very exciting. The speed of an airplane allows passengers to travel quickly. Many airplanes fly in the layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs. Weather in this layer can cause the air to feel bumpy and the plane will experience turbulence.
Which layer of the atmosphere is being described in the passage?
a
the mesosphere
b
the stratosphere
c
the thermosphere
d
the troposphere
Question 6 (1 point)
Ozone is found in the troposphere and in the stratosphere. These two layers are closest to Earth as shown in the diagram below.
Which statement correctly compares the ozone found in the troposphere to the ozone found in the stratosphere?
a
Ozone found in the troposphere filters out harmful ultraviolet radiation, while ozone In the stratosphere is considered to be a pollutant with negative health effects.
b
Ozone in the troposphere is considered to be a pollutant with negative health effects, while ozone found in the stratosphere filters out harmful ultraviolet radiation.
c
Ozone found in both the troposphere and the stratosphere is considered to be a pollutant with negative health effects.
d
Ozone found in both the troposphere and the stratosphere filters out harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Question 7 (1 point)
Which biome has a permanently frozen layer of soil called permafrost?
a
taiga This is the result of incorrectly thinking the taiga biome has permanently frozen soil.
b
grassland This is the result of incorrectly thinking grasslands have permanently frozen soil.
c
tundra This is correct. The tundra is a biome located in high latitudes that has permafrost.
d
savanna This is the result of incorrectly thinking savannas have permanently frozen soil.
Question 8 (1 point)
A tropical rain forest can meet the needs of many plants, animals, insects, and birds because temperatures are warm all year, and there is a lot of rainfall.
True
False
Question 9 (1 point)
What is a narrow band of strong winds that blows from west to east?
a
a cold front
b
a Hadley cell
c
a jet stream
d
a trade wind
Question 10 (1 point)
A student visiting a beach is curious why, on a sunny day, the air, sand, and water all feel like they are different temperatures. The student obtains three thermometers to take temperature measurements of the air, sand, and water. The student places a floating thermometer in the water for 15 minutes and records the temperature. Next, the student stands on the beach with a hand-held thermometer for 15 minutes to record the temperature of the air. The student needs to take the temperature of the sand, but is unsure where to place the third thermometer.
Which answer choice below describes the best location to accurately measure the temperature of the sand?
a
The student should place the thermometer just under the sand, close to the water's edge. This is the result of a correct assessment of the experiment's needs. In order to obtain the most accurate temperature measurement, the thermometer should be buried in the sand.
b
The student should place the thermometer in the sand under the water where the temperature of the water was measured. This is the result of an incorrect assessment of the needs of the experiment. Taking the temperature of the sand in this location would result in a measurement that is affected by the temperature of the water covering the sand.
c
The student should lay the thermometer on top of the sand where the water and sand meet. This is the result of an incorrect assessment of the needs of the experiment. The temperature measurement resulting from this action would be affected by the temperatures of both the water and the air.
d
The student should hold the thermometer close to the sand near the edge of the water. This answer choice is the result of an incorrect assessment of the needs of the experiment. Taking the temperature in this manner would produce a second air temperature measurement.
Question 11 (1 point)
The diagram shows the layers of the atmosphere.
In which two layers of the atmosphere does temperature increase as altitude increases?
a
the troposphere and mesosphere
b
the mesosphere and stratosphere
c
the thermosphere and troposphere
d
the stratosphere and thermosphere
Question 12 (1 point)
The primary source of energy that drives convection within the atmosphere and oceans is thermal energy from the Sun.
True
False
Question 13 (1 point)
Air currents are caused by differences in temperature, which are created by energy from the Sun heating Earth.
True
False
Question 14 (1 point)
The diagrams show typical daily wind patterns along the shoreline.
Why does the wind reverse direction when it changes from day to night, and again when it changes from night to day?
a
Air in the upper atmosphere heats faster than air in the lower atmosphere. As the warm air sinks during the day, it draws cool air from over the water to replace it in the upper atmosphere. When the Sun goes down, the cool air in the lower atmosphere rises, causing the process to reverse.
b
Air in the lower atmosphere heats faster than air in the upper atmosphere. As the cool air sinks during the day, it draws warm air from over the water to replace it in the upper atmosphere. When the Sun goes down, the warm air in the lower atmosphere rises, causing the process to reverse.
c
Land heats faster than water, causing air over land to warm and rise faster than air over water. This lowers air pressure over land and draws in cooler air from over the water during the day. Because water retains heat longer than land, this process reverses at night.
d
Water heats faster than land, causing air over water to warm and rise faster than air over land. This lowers air pressure over water and draws in cooler air from over the land during the day. Because land retains heat longer than water, this process reverses at night.
Question 15 (1 point)
Currents are responsible for transferring the Sun's energy between the equator and the poles
True
False
Question 16 (1 point)
Unequal heating of the Earth's surface is the major cause of winds.
True
False
Question 17 (1 point)
Look at the diagrams.
Based on your knowledge of the Sun's effect on land and water temperature, what does each diagram show?
a
Diagram 1 shows a sea breeze during the day and Diagram 2 shows a land breeze during the night.
b
Diagram 1 shows a sea breeze during the night and Diagram 2 shows a land breeze during the day.
c
Diagram 1 shows a land breeze during the night and Diagram 2 shows a sea breeze during the day.
d
Diagram 1 shows a land breeze during the day and Diagram 2 shows a sea breeze during the night.
Question 18 (1 point)
Which term best describes the movement of air from the ocean toward the land in the daytime?
a
sea breeze
b
land breeze
c
valley breeze
d
current breeze
Question 19 (1 point)
Radiation is the process by which heat from the Sun reaches the Earth.
True
False
Question 20 (1 point)
Which best describes how heat flows?
a
Heat flows from a cold object to a hot object and can cause an object's temperature to change.
b
Heat flows from a hot object to a cold object and can cause an object's temperature to change.
c
Heat flows from a cold object to a hot object but will not cause an object's temperature to change.
d
Heat flows from a hot object to a cold object but will not cause an object's temperature to change.
1. True
2. a
3. True
4. a
5. d
6. b
7. c
8. True
9. c
10. a
11. d
12. True
13. True
14. c
15. True
16. True
17. c
18. a
19. True
20. b