What was the main reason the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor?
They wanted to invade the United States.
They wanted to build a Pacific empire without interference.
They wanted to stop the United States from selling war materials to Britain.
They wanted to seize the natural resources of Hawaii.
What was one reason Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931?
Western imperial powers in China were threatening to invade Japan.
Japanese militarists hoped to build an empire to rival Western colonial empires.
Japan wanted to avenge its defeat by China in the First Sino-Japanese War.
The Axis powers had agreed to divide up most of Europe and Asia.
In what way was the Nazi-Soviet Pact similar to the treaty that created the Axis?
It established a military alliance.
It enabled the signers to engage freely in aggressive actions.
It was violated by Hitler.
It was an act of appeasement.
How did World War I contribute to the events leading up to World War II?
Germans wanted to expand their nation to regain territory in the Soviet Union.
Britain and France wanted to force Germany to make reparation payments.
Germans hated the Versailles treaty and supported Hitler's actions to defy it.
The Soviet Union wanted to take over German territory in Eastern Europe.
Which was a cornerstone of Hitler's anti-Semitic beliefs?
He believed that Jews were to blame for Germany's defeat in World War I.
He feared that Jews would soon outnumber Aryans in Germany.
He was a strong supporter of German Christian churches.
He resented Jewish opposition to the Weimar government.
Which action best represents the policy of appeasement followed by Britain and France prior to the start of World War II?
allowing Hitler to annex the Sudetenland as part of the Munich Agreement
signing the Nazi-Soviet Pact binding Hitler and Stalin to peaceful relations
sending troops to fight with the Liberals during the Spanish Civil War
forbidding the sale of arms to any nation at war
Hitler knows that he will have to break us . . . or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be freed.
Use the quotation to answer the question.
Based on the information given, the words were most likely spoken by whom?
Franklin Roosevelt after the bombing of Pearl Harbor
Dwight Eisenhower before D-Day
Neville Chamberlain after signing the Munich Pact
Winston Churchill after the Dunkirk evacuation
However, rather than take every single island in the area, [he] decided on what became known as “island-hopping.” This tactic meant that the Americans took the larger more important islands captured by the Japanese in the Pacific (such as Iwo Jima and Okinawa) and left the smaller ones to “wither on the vine.”
Use the quotation to answer the question.
Who implemented the World War II military strategy described in this text?
President Harry Truman
General Douglas MacArthur
General Dwight Eisenhower
President Franklin Roosevelt
9. Why did France surrender to Germany? (1 point)
France was unable to fund its war effort.
The French people favored Hitler.
France was overrun by German and Italian forces.
France did not receive military support from Britain.
It all seemed unreal, a sort of dreaming while awake, men were screaming and dying all around me . . . I honestly could have walked the full length of the beach without touching the ground, they were that thickly strewn about.
–U.S. soldier Melvin B. Farrell
Use the passage to answer the question.
What was one result of the military operation described in the passage?
The Allies began to close in on Germany from both the east and west.
North Africa fell to the Allies.
Concentration camps in Eastern Europe were liberated.
Italy surrendered and withdrew from the war.
Food was rationed to two pieces of bread a day. Desperate Leningraders ate almost anything. For example, they boiled wallpaper scraped off walls because its paste was said to contain potato flour.
Use the quotation to answer the question.
Which nation was the aggressor in the action described here?
Germany
the Soviet Union
Italy
Japan
(Image: A map of Europe shows neutral, Allied, and Axis-controlled nations in 1942. Arrows show the paths of Allied advances into Axis-controlled territory in 1943, 1944, and 1945. The sites of major battles are also indicated.)
Use the map to answer the question.
From this map, what can you infer about Germany's geographic position?
It could easily surround the Allied territory in the West.
It began the war mostly surrounded by friendly Axis powers.
It was protected from invasion by its surrounding mountain ranges.
It began the war mostly surrounded by Allied countries.
Which of the following statements best describes the Allied nations’ response to the Holocaust?
Allied nations considered it a “refugee situation” but later liberated the camps.
Allied nations made it the primary goal of the war to end the atrocities of the Holocaust.
Allied nations immediately released the prisoners of their own internment camps.
Allied nations immediately went to the United Nations to discuss the war crime of genocide.
Which of the following actions did the Nazis take specifically to implement Hitler's "Final Solution"?
They used the blitzkrieg to overwhelm the countries they invaded.
They broke the pact with Stalin and invaded the Soviet Union.
They passed the Nuremberg Laws to strip German Jews of citizenship.
They built six special camps in occupied Poland.
Which of the following is a reason why Western countries refused to accept more refugees in the late 1930s?
Western countries were not aware of Hitler's racial theories.
Western countries needed to commit all their resources to the war effort.
Western countries did not want to provoke war with Germany.
Western countries were burdened with the effects of the Great Depression.
While Jews were a main target of the Nazis, which other group was also a target?
Roma
French
Aryans
women
17. Why was the Battle of the Bulge significant? (1 point)
It ended the war in Europe.
It was the last Axis victory in World War II.
It led to the liberation of France.
It was the last time Nazi forces went on the offensive.
Which explains why women were able to find new job opportunities during World War II?
The women’s rights movement created new careers.
Laws changed to allow women to work outside the home.
Many men were pressed into military service overseas.
Businesses wanted to diversify their workforce.
(Image: A map of Europe shows neutral, Allied, and Axis-controlled nations in 1942. Arrows show the paths of Allied advances into Axis-controlled territory in 1943, 1944, and 1945. The sites of major battles are also indicated.)
Use the map to answer the question.
Which nation had the best natural geographic protection against German ground forces?
the Soviet Union
France
Britain
Belgium
Why did the invasion of Poland launch World War II?
It violated Hitler's nonaggression pact with Stalin.
It led Britain and France to abandon the policy of appeasement.
It led the United States to abandon the policy of neutrality.
It was the first time German forces used the blitzkrieg strategy.
After the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan, which leader intervened to force the Japanese government to surrender and make peace?
Harry Truman
Joseph Stalin
Winston Churchill
Emperor Hirohito
Which organization was created after World War II in an effort to ensure peace in the world?
NATO
Warsaw Pact
Nuremberg Trials
United Nations
What did the atomic bomb achieve that conventional military force had not yet done?
eliminated Japan’s entire naval force
forced the Japanese to surrender
destroyed Japan’s oil reserves
forced the Japanese to retreat from China
Which of the following statements best describes early Nazi military success during WWII?
Nazi Germany was much more successful in North Africa than in Europe.
Nazi Germany conquered most of Europe and some of North Africa.
Nazi Germany was successful at first but was stopped by the British.
Nazi Germany had grand goals of expansion but accomplished little initially.
What was the significance of the Nuremberg Trials?
They signified the end of war crimes around the globe.
They led to the formation of the United Nations.
They marked the official end of World War II.
They helped discredit totalitarian and military-based regimes.
1. The main reason the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor was that they wanted to build a Pacific empire without interference.
2. One reason Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 was that Japanese militarists hoped to build an empire to rival Western colonial empires.
3. The Nazi-Soviet Pact was similar to the treaty that created the Axis in that it enabled the signers to engage freely in aggressive actions.
4. World War I contributed to the events leading up to World War II because Germans hated the Versailles treaty and supported Hitler's actions to defy it.
5. A cornerstone of Hitler's anti-Semitic beliefs was that he believed that Jews were to blame for Germany's defeat in World War I.
6. The policy of appeasement followed by Britain and France prior to the start of World War II is best represented by allowing Hitler to annex the Sudetenland as part of the Munich Agreement.
7. Based on the information given, the words "Hitler knows that he will have to break us . . . or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be freed" were most likely spoken by Winston Churchill after the Dunkirk evacuation.
8. General Douglas MacArthur implemented the World War II military strategy described in the text, known as "island-hopping."
9. France surrendered to Germany because France was overrun by German and Italian forces.
10. The military operation described in the passage by U.S. soldier Melvin B. Farrell resulted in the Allies beginning to close in on Germany from both the east and west.
11. The nation that was the aggressor in the action described in the quotation about food rationing and desperate conditions in Leningrad was Germany.
12. From the map, it can be inferred that Germany's geographic position at the beginning of the war was mostly surrounded by friendly Axis powers.
13. The Allied nations' response to the Holocaust is best described as considering it a "refugee situation" but later liberating the camps.
14. The Nazis built six special camps in occupied Poland to implement Hitler's "Final Solution."
15. Western countries refused to accept more refugees in the late 1930s because they were burdened with the effects of the Great Depression.
16. The Roma were another group targeted by the Nazis, in addition to the Jews.
17. The Battle of the Bulge was significant because it was the last time Nazi forces went on the offensive.
18. Women were able to find new job opportunities during World War II because many men were pressed into military service overseas.
19. Britain had the best natural geographic protection against German ground forces.
20. The invasion of Poland launched World War II because it led Britain and France to abandon the policy of appeasement.
21. After the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan, Emperor Hirohito intervened to force the Japanese government to surrender and make peace.
22. The United Nations was created after World War II in an effort to ensure peace in the world.
23. The atomic bomb achieved forcing the Japanese to surrender, which conventional military force had not yet done.
24. Early Nazi military success during WWII is best described as Nazi Germany conquering most of Europe and some of North Africa.
25. The significance of the Nuremberg Trials was that they helped discredit totalitarian and military-based regimes.
The main reason the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor was that they wanted to build a Pacific empire without interference.
One reason Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 was that Japanese militarists hoped to build an empire to rival Western colonial empires.
The Nazi-Soviet Pact was similar to the treaty that created the Axis in that it enabled the signers to engage freely in aggressive actions.
World War I contributed to the events leading up to World War II in that Germans hated the Versailles treaty and supported Hitler's actions to defy it.
A cornerstone of Hitler's anti-Semitic beliefs was that he believed that Jews were to blame for Germany's defeat in World War I.
The policy of appeasement followed by Britain and France prior to the start of World War II was best represented by allowing Hitler to annex the Sudetenland as part of the Munich Agreement.
The quotation, "Hitler knows that he will have to break us . . . or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be freed," was most likely spoken by Winston Churchill after the Dunkirk evacuation.
The World War II military strategy described in the quotation was implemented by General Douglas MacArthur.
France surrendered to Germany because it was overrun by German and Italian forces.
One result of the military operation described in the passage was that Italy surrendered and withdrew from the war.
The action described in the quotation was aggressed by Germany.
From the map, it can be inferred that Germany began the war mostly surrounded by Allied countries.
The Allied nations' response to the Holocaust was that they considered it a "refugee situation" but later liberated the camps.
The Nazis implemented Hitler's "Final Solution" by building six special camps in occupied Poland.
Western countries refused to accept more refugees in the late 1930s because they were burdened with the effects of the Great Depression.
While Jews were a main target of the Nazis, the Roma people were also targeted.
The Battle of the Bulge was significant because it was the last time Nazi forces went on the offensive.
Women were able to find new job opportunities during World War II because many men were pressed into military service overseas.
From the map, it can be seen that the Soviet Union had the best natural geographic protection against German ground forces.
The invasion of Poland launched World War II because it violated Hitler's nonaggression pact with Stalin.
After the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan, Emperor Hirohito intervened to force the Japanese government to surrender and make peace.
The organization created after World War II in an effort to ensure peace in the world was the United Nations.
The atomic bomb achieved the result of forcing the Japanese to surrender, which conventional military force had not yet done.
Nazi Germany was successful at first but was stopped by the British during the early stages of World War II.
The significance of the Nuremberg Trials was that they helped discredit totalitarian and military-based regimes.