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Station #1 Answers
For HNO2 molecules. It is an acid which dissociates into its ion i.e. ion blue and red bead. White bead represents water molecules blue bead represents H+ion 3rd color bead (red) represents NO2-ion total number of HF molecules =10 How many acid molecules have broken into ions? 2 acid molecules % ionixating = 2/10 x 100=20%conization reactions for this acid HNO2 H^+ + NO-2
Station #2 Answers
Answer-1
In acid solution 4 species will be present,
water molecules as water is a solvent
HBr molecules
H+ ion formed from ionization of HBr
Br- ion formed from ionization of HBr
Since, there are 10 white beads and they are maximum in number therefore they are expected to represent solvent, so white bead will represent water molecules.
Acid molecule has been represented as the combination of yellow bead and blue bead, that's its ionization is causing the separation of yellow bead and blue bead where blue bead is expected to represent H+ ions and yellow bead expected to represent Br- ions.
So,
White Bead: water
Blue bead: H+
Yellow bead: Br-
Answer-2(a)
Since, in the picture there are 9 blue beads, 9 yellow beads and as each molecule of HBr gives one H+ ion and one Br- ion, therefore it is fair to say that 9 HBr molecules have been ionized into 9 H+ ions and 9 Br- ions.
9 acid molecules have been broken into ions
Answer-2(b)
In the figure only one specie is having the blue and yellow bead combined together and from the answer of previous question we know that 9 acid molecules have been broken down, it means total 10 HBr molecules were added in the solution and out of those 9 molecules have been broken into ions, so percentage ionization will be: % ionization = Number of acid molecules tone Number of acid molecules initially added × 100% % ionization = x 100% % ionization = 9 × 10% % ioniz
Percentage ionization of acid is 90%
Answer-3 Since, HBr is breaking down into H* and Brions, therefore ionization reaction will be: Br(aq) → H+ (aq) + Br" (aq) HBr
Station #3 Answers
H2SO4 is strong acid, which is diprotic acid, i.e., it will dissociate two hydrogens, as follows,
H2SO4 -> H+ + HSO4-
then, HSO4- -> H+ + SO42-
So, in the solution, three kinds of particles will be there, (a) H+, (b) HSO4-, and (c) SO42-.
White bead represents H+, (b) blue bead represents SO42-, (c) another colour represents second proton, i.e., H+ only.
No, first one hydrogen will release to form HSO4- (paired blue-orange bead), then another release of proton to make SO42- (blue bead).
All the molecules have broken into ions (some are in HSO4- state, some are in H+ or SO42- states).
% of ionization= (number of molecules ionized/ all molecules)*100 = (20/20)*100 = 100 %
Station #4 Answers
White bead represents Water molecules
Blue beads represents F ion
3rd color bead (Red) represents H+ ion
total number of HF molecules =10
How many acid molecules have broken into ions? 1 acid molecule
% iONIZATION = 1/10 x 100 =10%
conization reaction for this acid HF H^+ + F-
Station #5 Answers
Find out the correct name of the ions.
Station #5 = H2CO3 (aq)
The compound H2CO3 is a weak acid that dissociates into a proton (H+ cation) and a bicarbonate ion (HCO3- anion). It further dissociates to form CO32- carbonate anion
The H2CO3 only partly dissociates in aqueous solutions.
For this acid, what does the white bead represent?
The white bead is H+ cation. The blue bead is Oxygen. 3rd Color Bead is carbon.
Why are there two blue beads attached to each 3rd colored bead?
This may be due to the carbon is attached to two oxygen atom by double bond. For to complete the valency of the carbon which is 4. carbonate ion (-CO32-)
Do all the H+ ionize from the A–1 ion at one time? How do you know?
No, all the H+ ionize from the A–1 ion at one time.
With the help of ionization reaction.
The ionization of H+ is in two steps.
Step1 H2CO3 = H+ + HCO3- step 2- HCO3- = H+ + CO32-
Station #6 Answers
Answer-1
When HClO4 is dissolved in water it ionizes into H+ ion and ClO4- and both should be equal in number as each molecule will give us one H+ ion and one ClO4- ion and water being a solvent should be present in maximum quantity.
Since, there are 10 white beads those are present in the solution as single and in unionized form therefore they are representing water because water is a very weak electrolyte and it's ionization is very very low and almost equal to zero.
Acid molecule is the combination of green bead representing ClO4- ion and blue bead representing H+ ion.
White Bead: Water molecule Blue bead: H+ ion Green Bead: ClO4- ion
Answer-2(a)
Since, in the given picture, there are 10 H+ ions ( 10 blue beads) and 10 ClO4- ion (10 green bead), so it is fair to conclude that 10 HClO4 molecules have been added in the solution and all of those molecules have been ionized because no unionized HClO4 molecule is present in the solution.
10 acid molecules have been ionized
Answer-2(b)
Since, there is no unionized HClO4 molecule is present in the solution therefore all the HClO4 molecules have been ionized, so percentage ionization should be 100%.
Percent Ionization=100%
Answer-3
lonization reaction of HCIO4 is shown below:
HCIO 4 (aq) → H+ (aq) + C10 4(aq)
Station #7 Answers
Solutions-
Represent the color of beads of H2SO3 (aq)
Station #7 = H2SO3 (aq)
For this acid, what does the white bead represent?
The white bead is H+ Cation. Blue bead is oxygen atom and 3rd Color Bead is Sulphur atom.
Why are there two blue beads attached to each 3rd colored bead?
This may be due to the 3rd colored bead is less electronegative and blue bead is more electronegative. For the completion of valency of the 3rd colored bead is attached between two blue beads.
Do all the H+ ionize from the A–1 ion at one time? How do you know?
No, all the H+ ion does not ionize from the A–1 ion at one time. They are dissociated in two steps.
In step 1 H2SO3 = H+ + HSO3-
In step 2 HSO3- = H++ SO3-2
Station #8 Answers
Answer-1
When HCl is dissolved in water it will get ionizes into H+ ions and Cl- ions and in water being a solvent will be in the maximum quantity in the solution followed by H+ ion and Cl- ions.
Since, there are 10 white beads in the solution which is the maximum number of any color bead therefore white color bead should represent water molecules.
Combination of blue and red bead represents HCl molecule where blue bead is expected to be H+ ion and red bead is expected to be Cl-.
So,
White bead: water molecule
Red bead: Cl- ion
Blue bead: H+ ion
Answer-2(a)
There are total 9 blue beads and 9 red beads which means, 9 HCl molecules have been broken into ions to give 9 H+ ions and 9 Cl- ions, so
9 acid molecules have been broken down
Answer-2(b)
Only one combination of red and blue bead is present in the solution which means there is one unionized HCl molecule is present in the solution and since 9 molecules of HCl have been ionized, therefore it is fair to conclude that 10 molecules of HCl were initially added into the solutions out of those 9 have been ionized.
Percent Ionization = Number of acid molecules ionized Number of acid molecules initially added 100% Percent Ionization = 100% Percent Ioniz 10
Step 5
Answer-3
Ionization reaction of HCl in water is shown below:
(bo).12 + ( b ) +H + ( b )12H
Station #9 Answers
Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid, so it will dissociate little in water.
The dissociation will be
CH3COOH = CH3COO- + H+
Some acetic acid molecule will be dissociated, some will be in undissociated form.
Percentage of ionization is (number of molecule dissociated/ total number of molecule)*100
The white colour is water. The blue bead is for CH3COO-, and the other colour is for H+.
For 9a, 1 molecule is dissociated into ions.
% ionization= (1/10)* 100 = 10 %
For 9b, 2 molecules are dissociated into ions.
% ionization= (2/10)* 100 = 20 %
For 9c, 3 molecules are dissociated into ions.
% ionization= (3/10)* 100 = 30 %
Ionization equation is
CH3COOH <-> CH3COO- + H+