Direct ecosystem services include benefits such as
a
photosynthesis.
b
transportation.
c
soil decomposition.
d
recreational parks.
Direct ecosystem services include benefits that are directly obtained from ecosystems and have immediate and tangible impacts on human well-being. Let's break down each option and identify which ones are direct ecosystem services:
a) Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is a process carried out by plants, algae, and some bacteria, which convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. While photosynthesis is a crucial ecological process, it is not considered a direct ecosystem service since it does not have direct and immediate impacts on human well-being.
b) Transportation: Transportation is not a direct ecosystem service as it involves the movement of people, goods, or services, which is a human activity rather than a direct benefit derived from ecosystems.
c) Soil decomposition: Soil decomposition refers to the breakdown of organic materials by microorganisms, which helps release nutrients into the soil and facilitate the recycling of organic matter. It is considered a direct ecosystem service since it directly contributes to soil fertility and the availability of nutrients for plants, thus benefiting agricultural productivity and ultimately human well-being.
d) Recreational parks: Recreational parks, also known as green spaces or nature reserves, provide direct benefits to humans in the form of recreational opportunities, including activities such as hiking, picnicking, birdwatching, and more. These areas provide aesthetic value, opportunities for exercise, relaxation, and connection with nature, making them a direct ecosystem service.
Therefore, the direct ecosystem services among the given options are:
- Soil decomposition (option c)
- Recreational parks (option d)
Direct ecosystem services include benefits such as photosynthesis and soil decomposition.
a) Photosynthesis
b) Soil Decomposition
c) Pollination
d) Water Purification